Détail du CWE-943

CWE-943

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic
Incomplete
2014-06-23
00h00 +00:00
2025-04-03
00h00 +00:00
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Nom: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Data Query Logic

The product generates a query intended to access or manipulate data in a data store such as a database, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that can modify the intended logic of the query.

Description du CWE

Depending on the capabilities of the query language, an attacker could inject additional logic into the query to:

  • Modify the intended selection criteria, thus changing which data entities (e.g., records) are returned, modified, or otherwise manipulated
  • Append additional commands to the query
  • Return more entities than intended
  • Return fewer entities than intended
  • Cause entities to be sorted in an unexpected way

The ability to execute additional commands or change which entities are returned has obvious risks. But when the product logic depends on the order or number of entities, this can also lead to vulnerabilities. For example, if the query expects to return only one entity that specifies an administrative user, but an attacker can change which entities are returned, this could cause the logic to return information for a regular user and incorrectly assume that the user has administrative privileges.

While this weakness is most commonly associated with SQL injection, there are many other query languages that are also subject to injection attacks, including HTSQL, LDAP, DQL, XQuery, Xpath, and "NoSQL" languages.

Informations générales

Modes d'introduction

Implementation : REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.

Plateformes applicables

Langue

Class: Not Language-Specific (Undetermined)

Conséquences courantes

Portée Impact Probabilité
Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Access Control
Bypass Protection Mechanism, Read Application Data, Modify Application Data, Varies by Context

Exemples observés

Références Description

CVE-2024-50672

NoSQL injection in product for building eLearning courses allows password resets using a query processed by the Mongoose find function

CVE-2021-20736

NoSQL injection in team collaboration product

CVE-2020-35666

NoSQL injection in a PaaS platform using a MongoDB operator

CVE-2014-2503

Injection using Documentum Query Language (DQL)

CVE-2014-2508

Injection using Documentum Query Language (DQL)

Méthodes de détection

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
Efficacité : High

Notes de cartographie des vulnérabilités

Justification : This CWE entry is a Class and might have Base-level children that would be more appropriate
Commentaire : Examine children of this entry to see if there is a better fit

Modèles d'attaque associés

CAPEC-ID Nom du modèle d'attaque
CAPEC-676 NoSQL Injection

An adversary targets software that constructs NoSQL statements based on user input or with parameters vulnerable to operator replacement in order to achieve a variety of technical impacts such as escalating privileges, bypassing authentication, and/or executing code.

NotesNotes

It could be argued that data query languages are effectively a command language - albeit with a limited set of commands - and thus any query-language injection issue could be treated as a child of CWE-74. However, CWE-943 is intended to better organize query-oriented issues to separate them from fully-functioning programming languages, and also to provide a more precise identifier for the many query languages that do not have their own CWE identifier.

Références

REF-1454

NoSQL injection
PortSwigger.
https://portswigger.net/web-security/nosql-injection

REF-1455

A Pentester's Guide to NoSQL Injection
The SecOps Group.
https://secops.group/a-pentesters-guide-to-nosql-injection/

Soumission

Nom Organisation Date Date de publication Version
CWE Content Team MITRE 2014-06-19 +00:00 2014-06-23 +00:00 2.7

Modifications

Nom Organisation Date Commentaire
CWE Content Team MITRE 2015-12-07 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2017-11-08 +00:00 updated Modes_of_Introduction, Observed_Examples, Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2018-03-27 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2019-06-20 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2020-02-24 +00:00 updated Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2021-03-15 +00:00 updated Maintenance_Notes
CWE Content Team MITRE 2022-04-28 +00:00 updated Related_Attack_Patterns
CWE Content Team MITRE 2023-01-31 +00:00 updated Description
CWE Content Team MITRE 2023-04-27 +00:00 updated Detection_Factors, Relationships
CWE Content Team MITRE 2023-06-29 +00:00 updated Mapping_Notes
CWE Content Team MITRE 2024-02-29 +00:00 updated Demonstrative_Examples
CWE Content Team MITRE 2025-04-03 +00:00 updated Alternate_Terms, Observed_Examples, References