CPE, which stands for Common Platform Enumeration, is a standardized scheme for naming hardware, software, and operating systems. CPE provides a structured naming scheme to uniquely identify and classify information technology systems, platforms, and packages based on certain attributes such as vendor, product name, version, update, edition, and language.
CWE, or Common Weakness Enumeration, is a comprehensive list and categorization of software weaknesses and vulnerabilities. It serves as a common language for describing software security weaknesses in architecture, design, code, or implementation that can lead to vulnerabilities.
CAPEC, which stands for Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification, is a comprehensive, publicly available resource that documents common patterns of attack employed by adversaries in cyber attacks. This knowledge base aims to understand and articulate common vulnerabilities and the methods attackers use to exploit them.
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Microsoft Outlook 8.5 and earlier, and Outlook Express 5 and earlier, with the "Automatically put people I reply to in my address book" option enabled, do not notify the user when the "Reply-To" address is different than the "From" address, which could allow an untrusted remote attacker to spoof legitimate addresses and intercept email from the client that is intended for another user.
CVE Informations
Metrics
Metrics
Score
Severity
CVSS Vector
Source
V2
7.5
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
nvd@nist.gov
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06
–
–
25.6%
–
–
2022-04-03
–
–
25.6%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
2.5%
–
2023-04-23
–
–
–
3.88%
–
2023-11-05
–
–
–
3.58%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
3.58%
–
2024-12-22
–
–
–
21.64%
–
2025-01-26
–
–
–
21.64%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
21.64%
–
2025-01-25
–
–
–
21.64%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
37.3%
2025-03-30
–
–
–
–
31.95%
2025-04-22
–
–
–
–
31.95%
2025-04-22
–
–
–
–
31.95,%
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/2823/info
Outlook Express is the standard e-mail client that is shipped with Microsoft Windows 9x/ME/NT.
The address book in Outlook Express is normally configured to make entries for all addresses that are replied to by the user of the mail client. An attacker may construct a message header that tricks Address Book into making an entry for an untrusted user under the guise of a trusted one. This is done by sending a message with a misleading "From:" field. When the message is replied to then Address Book will make an entry which actually replies to the attacker.
Situation: 2 good users Target1 and Target2 with addresses target1@example.com and
target2@example.com and one bad user Attacker, attacker@example.com. Imagine Attacker wants to get
messages Target1 sends to Target2. Scenario:
1. Attacker composes message with headers:
From: "target2@example.com" <attacker@example.com>
Reply-To: "target2@example.com" <attacker@example.com>
To: Target1 <target1@example.com>
Subject: how to catch you on Friday?
and sends it to target1@example.com
2. Target1 receives mail, which looks absolutely like mail received from
target2@example.com and replies it. Reply will be received by Attacker. In this case
new entry is created in address book pointing NAME "target2@example.com" to
ADDRESS attacker@example.com.
3. Now, if while composing new message Target1 directly types e-mail
address target2@example.com instead of Target2, Outlook will compose address as
"target2@example.com" <attacker@example.com> and message will be received by Attacker.