CPE, which stands for Common Platform Enumeration, is a standardized scheme for naming hardware, software, and operating systems. CPE provides a structured naming scheme to uniquely identify and classify information technology systems, platforms, and packages based on certain attributes such as vendor, product name, version, update, edition, and language.
CWE, or Common Weakness Enumeration, is a comprehensive list and categorization of software weaknesses and vulnerabilities. It serves as a common language for describing software security weaknesses in architecture, design, code, or implementation that can lead to vulnerabilities.
CAPEC, which stands for Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification, is a comprehensive, publicly available resource that documents common patterns of attack employed by adversaries in cyber attacks. This knowledge base aims to understand and articulate common vulnerabilities and the methods attackers use to exploit them.
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ParametersInterceptor in OpenSymphony XWork 2.0.x before 2.0.6 and 2.1.x before 2.1.2, as used in Apache Struts and other products, does not properly restrict # (pound sign) references to context objects, which allows remote attackers to execute Object-Graph Navigation Language (OGNL) statements and modify server-side context objects, as demonstrated by use of a \u0023 representation for the # character.
Improper Input Validation The product receives input or data, but it does
not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the
properties that are required to process the data safely and
correctly.
Metrics
Metrics
Score
Severity
CVSS Vector
Source
V2
5
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N
nvd@nist.gov
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06
–
–
33.04%
–
–
2022-04-10
–
–
33.04%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
1.48%
–
2023-11-05
–
–
–
1.87%
–
2024-02-11
–
–
–
1.87%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
1.87%
–
2024-06-30
–
–
–
1.87%
–
2024-08-04
–
–
–
1.87%
–
2024-08-11
–
–
–
1.87%
–
2024-10-06
–
–
–
1.6%
–
2024-11-10
–
–
–
1.46%
–
2024-12-15
–
–
–
1.66%
–
2024-12-22
–
–
–
5.67%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
4.99%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
4.99%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
78.14%
2025-04-08
–
–
–
–
65.08%
2025-04-08
–
–
–
–
65.08,%
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32101/info
XWork is prone to a security-bypass vulnerability because it fails to adequately handle user-supplied input.
Attackers can exploit this issue to manipulate server-side context objects with the privileges of the user running the application. Successful exploits can compromise the application and possibly the underlying computer.
Versions prior to XWork 2.0.6 are vulnerable. Struts 2.0.0 through 2.0.11.2 contain vulnerable versions of XWorks and are therefore also affected.
To set #session.user to '0wn3d':
('\u0023' + 'session[\'user\']')(unused)=0wn3d