CVE-2023-36844

Score / Severity

5.3

Medium

EPSS

94.3%V4

Vector

Network

Published

2023-08-17
19h17 +00:00

Modified

2025-02-13
16h56 +00:00

Official links

CVE.org

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CVE Descriptions

Junos OS: EX Series: A PHP vulnerability in J-Web allows an unauthenticated attacker to control important environment variables

A PHP External Variable Modification vulnerability in J-Web of Juniper Networks Junos OS on EX Series allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to control certain, important environment variables. Using a crafted request an attacker is able to modify certain PHP environment variables leading to partial loss of integrity, which may allow chaining to other vulnerabilities. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on EX Series: * All versions prior to 20.4R3-S9; * 21.1 versions 21.1R1 and later; * 21.2 versions prior to 21.2R3-S7; * 21.3 versions prior to 21.3R3-S5; * 21.4 versions prior to 21.4R3-S5; * 22.1 versions prior to 22.1R3-S4; * 22.2 versions prior to 22.2R3-S2; * 22.3 versions prior to 22.3R3-S1; * 22.4 versions prior to 22.4R2-S2, 22.4R3; * 23.2 versions prior to 23.2R1-S1, 23.2R2.

CVE Solutions

The following software releases have been updated to resolve this specific issue: 20.4R3-S9*, 21.2R3-S7*, 21.3R3-S5*, 21.4R3-S5*, 22.1R3-S4*, 22.2R3-S2, 22.3R3-S1*, 22.4R2-S2*, 22.4R3*, 23.2R1-S1, 23.2R2*, 23.4R1*, and all subsequent releases. *Pending Publication

CVE Informations

Related Weaknesses

CWE-ID	Weakness Name	Source
CWE-473	PHP External Variable Modification A PHP application does not properly protect against the modification of variables from external sources, such as query parameters or cookies. This can expose the application to numerous weaknesses that would not exist otherwise.

Metrics

Metrics	Score	Severity	CVSS Vector	Source
V3.1	5.3	MEDIUM	CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N More informations Base: Exploitabilty Metrics The Exploitability metrics reflect the characteristics of the thing that is vulnerable, which we refer to formally as the vulnerable component. Attack Vector This metric reflects the context by which vulnerability exploitation is possible. Network The vulnerable component is bound to the network stack and the set of possible attackers extends beyond the other options listed below, up to and including the entire Internet. Such a vulnerability is often termed “remotely exploitable” and can be thought of as an attack being exploitable at the protocol level one or more network hops away (e.g., across one or more routers). Attack Complexity This metric describes the conditions beyond the attacker’s control that must exist in order to exploit the vulnerability. Low Specialized access conditions or extenuating circumstances do not exist. An attacker can expect repeatable success when attacking the vulnerable component. Privileges Required This metric describes the level of privileges an attacker must possess before successfully exploiting the vulnerability. None The attacker is unauthorized prior to attack, and therefore does not require any access to settings or files of the vulnerable system to carry out an attack. User Interaction This metric captures the requirement for a human user, other than the attacker, to participate in the successful compromise of the vulnerable component. None The vulnerable system can be exploited without interaction from any user. Base: Scope Metrics The Scope metric captures whether a vulnerability in one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope. Scope Formally, a security authority is a mechanism (e.g., an application, an operating system, firmware, a sandbox environment) that defines and enforces access control in terms of how certain subjects/actors (e.g., human users, processes) can access certain restricted objects/resources (e.g., files, CPU, memory) in a controlled manner. All the subjects and objects under the jurisdiction of a single security authority are considered to be under one security scope. If a vulnerability in a vulnerable component can affect a component which is in a different security scope than the vulnerable component, a Scope change occurs. Intuitively, whenever the impact of a vulnerability breaches a security/trust boundary and impacts components outside the security scope in which vulnerable component resides, a Scope change occurs. Unchanged An exploited vulnerability can only affect resources managed by the same security authority. In this case, the vulnerable component and the impacted component are either the same, or both are managed by the same security authority. Base: Impact Metrics The Impact metrics capture the effects of a successfully exploited vulnerability on the component that suffers the worst outcome that is most directly and predictably associated with the attack. Analysts should constrain impacts to a reasonable, final outcome which they are confident an attacker is able to achieve. Confidentiality Impact This metric measures the impact to the confidentiality of the information resources managed by a software component due to a successfully exploited vulnerability. None There is no loss of confidentiality within the impacted component. Integrity Impact This metric measures the impact to integrity of a successfully exploited vulnerability. Integrity refers to the trustworthiness and veracity of information. Low Modification of data is possible, but the attacker does not have control over the consequence of a modification, or the amount of modification is limited. The data modification does not have a direct, serious impact on the impacted component. Availability Impact This metric measures the impact to the availability of the impacted component resulting from a successfully exploited vulnerability. None There is no impact to availability within the impacted component. Temporal Metrics The Temporal metrics measure the current state of exploit techniques or code availability, the existence of any patches or workarounds, or the confidence in the description of a vulnerability. Environmental Metrics These metrics enable the analyst to customize the CVSS score depending on the importance of the affected IT asset to a user’s organization, measured in terms of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.

CISA KEV (Known Exploited Vulnerabilities)

Vulnerability name : Juniper Junos OS EX Series PHP External Variable Modification Vulnerability

Required action : Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Known To Be Used in Ransomware Campaigns : Unknown

Added : 2023-11-12 23h00 +00:00

Action is due : 2023-11-16 23h00 +00:00

Important information

This CVE is identified as vulnerable and poses an active threat, according to the Catalog of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (CISA KEV). The CISA has listed this vulnerability as actively exploited by cybercriminals, emphasizing the importance of taking immediate action to address this flaw. It is imperative to prioritize the update and remediation of this CVE to protect systems against potential cyberattacks.

EPSS

EPSS is a scoring model that predicts the likelihood of a vulnerability being exploited.

EPSS Score

The EPSS model produces a probability score between 0 and 1 (0 and 100%). The higher the score, the greater the probability that a vulnerability will be exploited.

Date	EPSS V0	EPSS V1	EPSS V2 (> 2022-02-04)	EPSS V3 (> 2025-03-07)	EPSS V4 (> 2025-03-17)
2023-08-20	–	–	–	0.05%	–
2023-09-03	–	–	–	1.68%	–
2023-09-24	–	–	–	2.56%	–
2023-10-01	–	–	–	6.55%	–
2023-10-08	–	–	–	2.56%	–
2023-11-19	–	–	–	21.22%	–
2023-12-24	–	–	–	5.03%	–
2024-01-07	–	–	–	3.64%	–
2024-01-21	–	–	–	3.09%	–
2024-01-28	–	–	–	3.93%	–
2024-02-11	–	–	–	45.34%	–
2024-02-25	–	–	–	51.74%	–
2024-03-03	–	–	–	39.4%	–
2024-03-31	–	–	–	37.86%	–
2024-04-07	–	–	–	52.37%	–
2024-04-28	–	–	–	64.3%	–
2024-06-02	–	–	–	75.54%	–
2024-06-16	–	–	–	70.08%	–
2024-06-30	–	–	–	71.42%	–
2024-07-07	–	–	–	69.12%	–
2024-07-21	–	–	–	63.2%	–
2024-08-25	–	–	–	44.45%	–
2024-09-22	–	–	–	44.52%	–
2024-10-06	–	–	–	45.67%	–
2024-10-20	–	–	–	45.67%	–
2024-10-27	–	–	–	42.05%	–
2024-11-10	–	–	–	48.92%	–
2024-12-08	–	–	–	53.58%	–
2024-12-22	–	–	–	32.46%	–
2025-01-05	–	–	–	38.54%	–
2025-02-02	–	–	–	43.23%	–
2025-02-09	–	–	–	44.42%	–
2025-03-09	–	–	–	44.36%	–
2025-01-19	–	–	–	38.54%	–
2025-02-02	–	–	–	43.23%	–
2025-02-16	–	–	–	44.42%	–
2025-03-09	–	–	–	44.36%	–
2025-03-18	–	–	–	–	93.62%
2025-04-15	–	–	–	–	94.3%
2025-04-15	–	–	–	–	94.3,%

EPSS Percentile

The percentile is used to rank CVE according to their EPSS score. For example, a CVE in the 95th percentile according to its EPSS score is more likely to be exploited than 95% of other CVE. Thus, the percentile is used to compare the EPSS score of a CVE with that of other CVE.

EPSS First.org

Date	Percentile
2023-08-20	14%
2023-09-03	86%
2023-09-24	89%
2023-10-01	93%
2023-10-08	89%
2023-11-19	96%
2023-12-24	92%
2024-01-07	91%
2024-01-21	9%
2024-01-28	91%
2024-02-11	97%
2024-02-25	97%
2024-03-03	97%
2024-03-31	97%
2024-04-07	98%
2024-04-28	98%
2024-06-02	98%
2024-06-16	98%
2024-06-30	98%
2024-07-07	98%
2024-07-21	98%
2024-08-25	97%
2024-09-22	97%
2024-10-06	97%
2024-10-20	98%
2024-10-27	97%
2024-11-10	98%
2024-12-08	98%
2024-12-22	97%
2025-01-05	97%
2025-02-02	97%
2025-02-09	98%
2025-03-09	98%
2025-01-19	97%
2025-02-02	97%
2025-02-16	98%
2025-03-09	98%
2025-03-18	1%
2025-04-15	1%
2025-04-15	1%